Male infertility accounts for about 50% of infertility cases [1]. Anatomic, genetic, endocrinological, environmental, behavioral and nutritional imbalances are critical causes of male infertility [2-5]. Therapeutic drugs can also adversely affect male fertility by injuring testicular cells or instigate hormonal changes that lead to decreased semen quality (Figure 1) thereby compromising the pro...

background: the study was performed to investigate the effects of morphine dependency and morphine withdrawal on the reproductive system of adult male rat(wistar).  methods: 32 adult male rat divided into 5 groups. animals in the control group (n=8) received normal saline (1ml/kg) twice daily subcutaneously for 30 consecutive days. animals in dependent group (n=8) received morphine (10mg/ml/kg)...

this study was performed to determine the incidence and anatomo-pathological aspects of the reproductive system tumors in commercial laying hens. post mortem examination of 1041 laying hens revealed neoplasms of the ovaries and the oviduct in 52 (4.99%) cases. from these, ovarian adenocarcinoma was found in 14 cases, granulosa cell tumor in 7 cases, theca cell tumor in 1 case and marek's diseas...

early life events influence life-long patterns of emotionality and stress responsiveness and alter the rate of brain and body aging.  much research attention has focused on the programming effects of the hypothalamus pituitary axis (hpa) in early life and on understanding hpa function in response to stressors in adulthood. in comparison, there has been relatively little research on adolescence,...