Dopamine 3-0-sulphate (3-0-hydrosulphato-4-hydroxyphenethylamine) was isolated from newly ecdysed cockroaches, Periplaneta americana (L.), and its structure established by chemical and physical techniques and by synthesis. Relatively high concentrations (about 1 pmol/g wet wt.) of dopamine 3-0-sulphate exist in the newly ecdysed insect, and these concentrations decrease sharply as sclerotizatio...

13 LOW DOSE MAGNESIUM SULPHATE REGIME FOR ECLAMPSIA Bangal V., Kwatra A., Raghav S., Jadhav S. Abstract Preeclampsia is one of the commonest medical complications seen during pregnancy. It contributes significantly to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Dr.J.A.Pritchard in 1955, introduced magnesium sulphate for control of convulsions in eclampsia and is used worldwide. Considering ...

The cellular prion protein has been identified as a metalloprotein that binds copper. There have been some suggestions that prion protein also influences zinc and manganese homeostasis. In this study we used a series of cell lines to study the levels of zinc and manganese under different conditions. We overexpressed either the prion protein or known transporters for zinc and manganese to determ...

Manganese is an essential element required by cyanobacteria, as it is an essential part of the oxygen-evolving center of photosystem II. In the presence of atmospheric oxygen, manganese is present as manganese oxides, which have low solubility and consequently provide low bioavailability. It is unknown if cyanobacteria are able to utilize these manganese sources, and what mechanisms may be empl...

Manganese oxides have been extensively investigated as model systems for the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II. However, most bioinspired catalysts are inefficient at neutral pH and functional similarity to the oxygen-evolving complex has been rarely achieved with manganese. Here we report the regulation of proton-coupled electron transfer involved in water oxidation by manganese oxides...

Several Mousterian sites in France have yielded large numbers of small black blocs. The usual interpretation is that these 'manganese oxides' were collected for their colouring properties and used in body decoration, potentially for symbolic expression. Neanderthals habitually used fire and if they needed black material for decoration, soot and charcoal were readily available, whereas obtaining...

Streptococcus pneumoniae requires manganese for colonization of the human host, but the underlying molecular basis for this requirement has not been elucidated. Recently, it was shown that zinc could compromise manganese uptake and that zinc levels increased during infection by S. pneumoniae in all the niches that it colonized. Here we show, by quantitative means, that extracellular zinc acts i...

Analysis of data obtained from the national hydrochemical survey show that about 42% of tubewells have manganese concentrations exceeding the WHO health-based guideline value of 0.4 mg/l. High manganese concentrations in groundwater have been found in the central, northern, and western regions of Bangladesh; groundwater in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh contain relatively less manganese...

High-dose human exposure to manganese results in manganese accumulation in the basal ganglia and dopaminergic neuropathology. Occupational manganese neurotoxicity is most frequently linked with manganese oxide inhalation; however, exposure to other forms of manganese may lead to higher body burdens. The objective of this study was to determine tissue manganese concentrations in rhesus monkeys f...

Concerns have been raised regarding environmental manganese exposure since high exposures have been associated with neurological disorders. The USA Environmental Protection Agency most recent human health risk assessment of inhaled manganese conducted in 1993 identified specific areas of uncertainty regarding manganese pharmacokinetics. This led to the development of a test rule under the USA C...