BACKGROUND Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) causes cerebral infarction, typically, lacunar infarction in the basal ganglia. However, massive cerebral infarction leading to death is rare and its pathophysiology is unclear. We report a case of CM causing massive cerebellar infarction, which led to cerebral herniation and death. CASE PRESENTATION A 56-year-old man who suffered from dizzines...

MOOC learners are able to share responsibilities for their learning. In the same note, course mentors play an important role in improving learning outcomes, assessment and enhancing learning activities. The aim of this paper is to determine some methodologies and approaches that can guide and help course mentors in teaching and management their MOOCs.

The ability to self regulate is a key skill in learning. This is especially relevant for open learning environments such as MOOCs. Metacognitive sca↵olding refers to computer based support is used to teach and engage users in metacognition and self regulated learning. These techniques have been found very useful in supporting students in e-learning environments. Studies in game based learning s...

Discussion forums in massive open online courses (MOOCs) are a primary means of interaction among learners and instructors. Despite their widespread use there is concern that forums are not an effective means of promoting engagement and learning. This paper examines issues relating to forums through a brief literature review and by drawing on data from a specific MOOC run by the University of W...

This paper describes the design and development of an online immersive learning environment focused on supporting the general public in awareness of, and preparation for, crisis situations. The system developed uses the PANDORA + training environment, and integrates prior research work carried out on eLearning and Crisis Management. Specifically, it pulls together the outputs of three European ...

A commonly known and widely studied problem of massive open online courses (MOOCs) is the high drop-out rate of students. In this paper we propose and analyze the composition of small learning groups as a solution to this problem. In an experiment, we composed such small learning groups in a MOOC context using two methods: Random grouping and grouping by an algorithm that considers selected stu...

This paper looks at the implications for pedagogy of education at a massive scale. It begins by looking at educational approaches designed or adapted to be effective for large numbers of learners: direct instruction, networked learning, connectivism, supported open learning, and conversational learning at scale. It goes on to identify benefits and the challenges of teaching and learning at scal...

The precise determination of when and where cells undergo programmed cell death is critical for normal development and tissue homeostasis. Cao et al. (2007; see p. 843 of this issue) report that the Fork head (Fkh) transcription factor, which is essential for the early development and function of the larval salivary glands in Drosophila melanogaster, also contributes to its demise. These author...

Unilateral intraocular injections of either of two fluorescent carbocyanine dyes into the embryonic chick eye resulted in both retrograde staining of ganglion cells (GCs) in the eye contralateral to site of injection and anterograde labeling of axons whose cell bodies were located within the injected eye. This prominent retino-retinal projection formed by thousands of GCs having a nasal origin ...