.................................................................................................................................................... 5 Preface....................................................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction............................................................................

われわれヒトを含めて哺乳類の身体は,皮 膚 に よって外部環境から隔てられた 個体 を形成 してお り,皮 膚にある外受容器 と眼,耳,鼻 にある遠隔 受容器によって外部環境の変化 を刺激 として受容 し,そ れに対する反応 として行動 を起す。この行 動は骨格筋の収縮によって実現 されるもので,外 部環境に対する個体 としての反応は,身 体内部の 筋,腱,迷 路にある固有受容器に対する刺激 とな り,こ れ らの受容器から身体の運動 と位置に関す る情報が中枢に送 られる(Sherrington1947)91)。 筋紡錘および腱紡錘は筋 と腱に存在する代表的な 固有受容器であり,こ れ らからの情報によって, 運動の円滑な遂行が反射性に制御 されていること が,多 数の研究者によって 明らかに されて いる (Matthews196463),Granit197027),Matthe...

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BoT-A) has gained significant clinical interest in the management of masticatory muscle pain in temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This may be due to clinical success of BoT-an in treatment of other neuromuscular and refractory chronic pain disorders in the head and neck region, and the limited understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of masticatory mu...

PURPOSE This study assessed the impact of mandibular bone height on masticatory performance following treatment with a mandibular conventional denture (CD) or implant-retained overdenture (IOD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Evaluation of masticatory performance in 63 participants was made with original CDs and 6 months after treatment completion with new dentures; 25 patients received a mandibular C...

A 65-year-old male patient with a status of right maxillectomy with preoperative chemoradiotherapy is presented, in whom the defect was reconstructed with rectus abdominis flap. Following loss of abutment teeth due to poor periodontal condition, the previous maxillary overdenture retained O-ring attachments (OP anchor attachment) unfortunately failed. Dental adhesive was unable to provide satis...

AIM The purpose of this clinical report is to present a description of the prosthetic rehabilitation of a bilateral complete maxillectomy patient using a two piece magnetically connected prosthesis. BACKGROUND A complete bilateral maxillectomy defect presents a considerable reconstructive challenge for the prosthodontist. It results in devastating effects on cosmetic, functional, and psycholo...

The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic value of pressure algometry in temporomandibular disorders. Two hundred volunteers aged 19.3 to 27.8 (mean 21.50, SD 0.97) participated in this study. An analogue pressure algometer was used for the evaluation of muscle tenderness of the following masticatory muscles: superficial and deep parts of the masseter muscle; anterior and posterior p...

Background: EMG (electromyography) has been used to determine the masticatory efficiency of the muscles of mastication. Method: In this study, Temporalis and Masseter muscle activity of patients with unilateral missing mandibular 1 molar were evaluated pre and post rehabilitation with three unit fixed partial denture prosthesis. Six male and four female patients, within the age range of 17–35 y...

A robotic device is proposed by means of which the mastication process could be reproduced in a mechanically controllable way whilst the masticatory efficiency and/or food dynamics are assessed quantitatively. A robotic model of the mastication system is developed according to biomechanical findings about the jaw structure and muscles of mastication, where each of the major muscles are, tempora...

Mastication is achieved through the action of multiple organs working together, including the teeth, periodontal tissue, masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints, lips, cheeks, palate and tongue. In particular, the tongue plays a major role in the preparation phase of mastication, which includes the transport of food to the occlusal surfaces of molars and transferring the food bolus to the...