abstract shah jahan, based on structural zone is located in south of kapedagh and in eastern side of aladagh mountains in 37◦ till 37◦25' northern latitude and 57◦30' till 58◦30' eastern longitude of northeastern part of iran. geomorphologic and tectonic elements show that this area is partly young and mountains can be affected highly by geomorphologic and hydrologic elem...

Although plants have moved across the landscape in response to changing climate for millennia, projections of contemporary climate change suggest that forest tree species and populations will need to migrate faster than their natural ability. Therefore, climate change adaptation strategies, such as assisted migration, have gained attention since 2007. Effective implementation of assisted migrat...

Palms can grow at sites exposed to high winds experiencing large dynamic wind and gust loads. Their stems represent a system of stiff fibrous elements embedded in the soft parenchymatous tissue. The proper design of the interface of the stiffening elements and the parenchyma is crucial for the functioning of the stem. The strategy of the palm to compromise between stiff fibre caps and the soft ...

The purpose of this article is to review and critique each of the research studies published in this special issue. We will critique each article, derive one or more instructional design heuristics based on the findings for each study, and provide recommendations for extending particular lines of research. Three suggestions are provided concerning cognitive load theory and instructional design ...

BACKGROUND Standardised evidenced-based materials and mechanisms to facilitate the delivery of the education component of pulmonary rehabilitation are not widely available. The aims of this study were: 1) to adapt the self-management programme Living Well with COPD (LWWCOPD) programme, for embedding in pulmonary rehabilitation; and, 2) to conduct a process evaluation of the adapted programme. ...

A fundamental property of any material is its response to a localized stress applied at a boundary. For granular materials consisting of hard, cohesionless particles, not even the general form of the stress response is known. Directed force chain networks (DFCNs) provide a theoretical framework for addressing this issue, and analysis of simplified DFCN models reveal both rich mathematical struc...

A number of articles written in recent years about the pattern of blood flow through the amphibian heart have described results which differ quite widely (Simons, 1957, 1959; de Graaf, 1957; Johansen, 1963; Shelton & Jones, 1965a, b). One of the main difficulties in interpretation has been that all the work cited above has been done on different species of anuran and urodele. It is clearly poss...

In this supplementary material, we present three additional results to complement the paper. First, we report detailed quantitative evaluation on the PASCAL VOC and ILSVRC object detection datasets. Second, we show additional qualitative detection results on the VOC 2007 dataset. Third, we analyze the errors of three variants of the proposed approach and show relative contributions from each co...

BACKGROUND Taeniodonta is a clade of Late Cretaceous-Paleogene mammals remarkable for their relatively extreme cranial, dental, and postcranial adaptations and notable for being among the first mammals to achieve relatively large size following the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction. Previous workers have hypothesized that taeniodonts can be divided into two clades: Conoryctidae, a group of s...

The understanding of morphogenesis in living organisms has been renewed by tremendous progress in experimental techniques that provide access to cell scale, quantitative information both on the shapes of cells within tissues and on the genes being expressed. This information suggests that our understanding of the respective contributions of gene expression and mechanics, and of their crucial en...