the purpose of this paper is to estimate the welfare cost of inflation in iran. we first use the long-horizon regression approach developed by fisher and seater (1993) to obtain an estimate of the inflation rate elasticity of money demand and then the baily’s consumer surplus approach to calculate the welfare cost function. the results show that reducing inflation rate from 40% to 0% increases ...

BACKGROUND Maternal exposures to organochlorines prior to pregnancy are considered a risk to neonatal welfare, specifically in relation to neurocognitive functions. There is growing interest in the evaluation of maternal blood testing as a marker for fetal exposure as well as the variable geographic distribution of these priority chemicals. METHODS Three hundred and twenty-three women in the ...

Currently, a trend toward the commercialization of dromedary milk associated with recent intensive rearing systems has starting worldwide which impose constraints on animals affecting their behavioral repertoires and welfare status. The aim this study was to investigate effects dam parity calf sex parturition, neonatal, maternal behaviors in stabled Maghrebi dairy camels (Camelus dromedarius). ...

This study compared theoretical perspectives on the psychological and paid labor activity implications of mandating mothers initially on US welfare to participate in labor force activities. Data were collected that reflected these areas: government public policy interventions, family social ecology measures, mother s psychological and human capital, and community capital. A quasi-experimental d...

Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Poverty Center or any sponsoring agency. Foundation for financial support. The California Department of Health graciously provided the data on infant health, but we are solely responsible for the analysis and conclusions drawn from...

Although high-income countries share and value the goal of protecting children from harm, national data on child maltreatment and the involvement of social services, the judiciary and health services remain relatively scarce. To explore potential reasons for this, a number of high-income countries across the world (Belgium, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, South Korea, Switzerland...

The study expands the literature on parents’ mental health and risk of poor parenting by exploring association between parental diagnoses types child maltreatment among 522 parents who were adjudicated for Israeli courts. was cross-sectional used a manual content analysis court cases. results showed that 62% suffered from problems, including emotional personality disorders, illness or intellect...

growing usage of animals in the research projects has drawn more attention to their welfare and ethics surrounding this practice. dissemination of information about the existing ethical consideration and alternatives in animal experiments has two important functions; first, it increases the researcher's awareness of the possible methods of using animals in the experiment, and second, to ensure ...

This paper evaluates the effects of maternal vs. alternative care providers’ time inputs on children’s cognitive development using the sample of single mothers in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. To deal with the selection problem created by unobserved heterogeneity of mothers and children, we develop a model of mother’s employment and child-care decisions. Guided by this model, we ob...

Here, I provide a guide for those new to the burgeoning field of animal welfare science as to what this comprehensive, relatively young discipline is all about. Drawing on all branches of biology, including behavioural ecology and neuroscience, the science of animal welfare asks three big questions: Are animals conscious? How can we assess good and bad welfare in animals? How can we use science...