due to shortage of precipitation and the spatial and periodical disparity of rainfalls, iran iscounted among the arid and semi-arid countries of the world, and therefore the water utilities have put thecontrol of consumption and efficient use of water high on their priorities. water consumption management isconsidered as a field of energy management, and the impacts of effective measure related...

energy consumption in iran is a subject of debate. some may think that oil is cheap in iran and thus no need for this kind of research. this simple minding is erroneous first because iran subsidizes billion dollars each year for the imported diesel fuel specially for agricultural use and second because energy studies reveal the degree of professionally using the technology. we can easily find t...

Walk can be classi ed as \static walk" and \dynamic walk". It is said that dynamic walk is superior in both speed and energy consumption. This paper describes how a quadruped robot should walk dynamically to realize these advantages. Such consideration is lacking in past research. In this paper, three criteria are introduced to evaluate the walk { `stability', `maximum speed' and `energy consum...

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a new paradigm that provides cloud services at the of networks. To achieve better performance with limited resources, peer offloading between cooperative servers (e.g. MEC- enabled base stations) has been proposed as an effective technique to handle bursty and spatially imbalanced arrival computation tasks. While various metrics policies have considered in literat...

The rapid development of the Internet Things and wireless communication has resulted in emergence many latency-constrained computation-intensive applications such as surveillance, virtual reality, disaster monitoring. To satisfy computational demand reduce prolonged transmission delay to cloud, mobile edge computing (MEC) evolved a potential candidate that can improve task completion efficiency...

To reduce computing delay and energy consumption in the Vehicular networks, total cost of task offloading, namely consumption, is studied. A offloading model combining local vehicle computing, MEC (Mobile Edge Computing) server cloud proposed. The not only considers priority relationship tasks, but also system. computational decision method IBES based on an improved bald eagle search optimizati...

The negative energy balance of wastewater treatment could be reversed if anaerobic technologies were implemented for organic carbon oxidation and phototrophic technologies were utilized for nutrient recovery. To characterize the potential for energy positive wastewater treatment by anaerobic and phototrophic biotechnologies we performed a comprehensive literature review and analysis, focusing o...

We examined the effect of introducing type I or IV staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) elements on the growth yield of Staphylococcus aureus in glucose-limited continuous culture. Type I showed increased glucose consumption and ATP demand per gram of cells synthesized and decreased cell yield compared to those of the parent strain. In contrast, type IV SCCmec elements had no adverse...

A hydrogen utilizing exoelectrogenic bacterium (Geobacter sulfurreducens) was compared to both a nonhydrogen oxidizer (Geobacter metallireducens) and a mixed consortium in order to compare the hydrogen production rates and hydrogen recoveries of pure and mixed cultures in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). At an applied voltage of 0.7 V, both G. sulfurreducens and the mixed culture generated ...

The production of a useful and valuable product during swine wastewater treatment, such as hydrogen gas, could help to lower treatment costs. Hydrogen can theoretically be produced from wastewater by electrohydrogenesis in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) or by fermentation. Using a single-chamber MEC with a graphite-fiber brush anode, hydrogen gas was generated at 0.9-1.0 m(3) m(-3) day(-1)...