Rats with cytotoxic lesions of the rostral pole of the thalamic reticular nucleus were compared with surgical control animals on a series of spatial learning and memory tests. While evidence was found for an initial, transient impairment on forced-choice alternation in a T-maze, this rapidly disappeared, and overall performance was unaffected. Subsequent experiments found no evidence that lesio...

An important function of many organisms is the ability to use contextual information in order to increase the probability of achieving goals. For example, a street address has a particular meaning only in the context of the city it is in. In this paper, predisposing conditions that influence future outcomes are learned by a goal-seeking neural network called Mona. A maze problem is used as a co...

Psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia are related to disturbed self-recognition and to disturbed experience of agency. Possibly, these impairments contribute to first-person large-scale egocentric learning deficits. Sixteen inpatients with schizophrenia and 16 matched healthy comparison subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while finding their way in a virtual maze. The ...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic endocrine disruptor used for producing polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. This study investigated the effects of perinatal BPA exposure on learning and memory, general activity, and emotionality in male Sprague Dawley rats using a battery of behavioral tests, including an appetite-motivated maze test (MAZE test) used to assess spatial learning and memory...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of methanolic extract of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. on learning and memory in albino mice. Two doses of methanolic extract of P. marsupium (25 and 50 mg/kg p.o.) were administered for neurotoxicity test. The mice administered with 25 mg/kg of the extract could significantly maintain the equilibrium on the rotating rod. Elevated plus-m...

This paper explores the capabilities of continuous time recurrent neural networks (CTRNNs) to display reinforcement learning-like abilities on a set of T-Maze and double T-Maze navigation tasks, where the robot has to locate and “remember” the position of a reward-zone. The “learning” comes about without modifications of synapse strengths, but simply from internal network dynamics, as proposed ...

Most existing reinforcement learning methods require exhaustive state space exploration before converging towards a problem solution. Various generalization techniques have been used to reduce the need for exhaustive exploration, but for problems like maze route finding these techniques are not easily applicable. This paper presents an approach that makes it possible to reduce the need for stat...

The present study examined for the first time whether a Morris water-maze can be used to explore compass and other orientation mechanisms in the ruin lizard Podarcis sicula. In the open field, during sunny days, lizards were individually trained to swim from the center of the water maze onto a hidden platform (the goal), positioned at the periphery of the maze in a single compass direction. The...

The performance in a maze learning task was assessed in adults of either sex (n = 31) before and after 30 days of yoga training and in an age and gender matched control group of subjects who did not receive training in yoga. Subjects were blind folded and used the dominant hand to trace the path in a wooden pencil maze. At each assessment, subjects were given 5 trials, without a gap between the...

previous studies had reported that extracellular levels of ascorbic acid have modulatory effects on dopamine receptors. both ascorbic acid and dopamine receptor have an important role in learning and memory processes. however, the central interaction between ascorbic acid and dopamine d2 receptor on spatial learning and memory has not yet been elucidated. all experiments were carried out on mal...