in natural ecosystems, biological relationships have serious effects on system stability. allelopathic is negative or positive effect of a plant on other plant growth. today this word is used for rangelands, same as agricultural areas. because of good herbage production, medicago is most common plant in agricultural rotations and rangelands. therefore investigation of its allelopathic qualities...

Leaf area measurements in the field are very difficult to determine yield. Use of mobile application has come fore due its practical use and ease transportation. Therefore, this study, accuracy were tested by determining leaf with an automatic meter a called 'PETIOLE'. The alfalfa plants (Medicago sativa L. cv Nimet) grown field, measured 'PETIOLE' laboratory conditions automatically measuremen...

The establishment of a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis is an economically important plant phenomenon. Biological reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia is among the most effective fixation systems facilitating the plant growth in nitrogen starved soils without the requirement of massive inputs of fertilizers. This process occurs in legumes roots in structures called nodules. Nodule development is induced...

Medicago sativa (lucerne) is used as a traditional plant treatment of diabetes. In the present study, administration of lucerne in the diet (62.5 g/kg) and drinking water (2.5 g/l) reduced the hyperglycaemia of streptozotocin-diabetic mice. An aqueous extract of lucerne (1 mg/ml) stimulated 2-deoxy-glucose transport (1.8-fold), glucose oxidation (1.7-fold) and incorporation of glucose into glyc...

Medicago sativa, alfalfa or lucerne, and M. arborea were considered reproductively isolated until recently. Then, in 2003, an alfalfa genotype was identified that produced a few seeds and progeny with hybrid traits after a large number of pollinations by M. arborea. A derivative of this alfalfa genotype also produced a low frequency of progeny with hybrid traits. Thus, the hybridization barrier...

Willet M. Hays was a great benefactor to plant breeding and the founder of the American Genetic Association (AGA). We commemorate the AGA's centennial. We mined university archives, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) yearbooks, plant breeding textbooks, scientific periodicals, and descendants for information. Willet Hays first recognized the individual plant as the unit of selection and star...

Several studies have addressed plant primary physiological responses (gas exchange responses) to insect herbivory. However, relatively few plant species have been examined. It is unknown whether responses to leaf-mass removal by insects vary among plant families and species. Within the legumes, only alfalfa,Medicago sativaL., and soybean,Glycine max (L.)Merrill, have been examined. The goal of ...

abstract nickel is a heavy metal distributed ubiquitously in nature. it accumulates in soil as a result of human activities, including mining and industries development. it may be poisonous to plants, humans, animals and microorganisms. the present study was implemented as a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design (rcbd), of three replications in calcareous soils of karaj a...