With the increase in realism of games based in stadiums and urban environments, real-time crowds are becoming essential in order to provide a believable environment. However, realism is still largely lacking due to the computation required. In this paper, we describe the pipeline of work needed in order to prepare and export models from a 3D modelling package into a crowd system. For our crowd,...

Various philosophical definitions of free will are first considered. The compatibilist definition, which says simply that acts are freely willed if they are not subject to constraints, is identified as much used in the legal system and essentially impervious to scientific investigation. A middle-ground "incompatibilist" definition, which requires that freely willed acts be consciously initiated...

Disorders of impulse control are commonly induced by alcohol. As Lady Macbeth said, “That which hath made them drunk hath made me bold; What hath quenched them hath given me fire” (Ref. 1, p 1231). The report by van Oorsouw et al. from The Netherlands re-emphasizes the prevalence of alcohol-induced blackouts in a community sample and suggests that the claim of amnesia during a criminal event ma...

Where criminal offences such as attempt and conspiracy require a defendant (D) to intend future conduct, D’s intention will always be conditional. D’s intention may be explicit ly conditional (eg, D intends to rob the shop, but only if unable to pay her rent), or implic it ly conditional (eg, D intends to rob the shop, but if asked, would not do so if she found it surrounded by police). Rather ...

In order to improve our knowledge of how jurors come to make decisions, psychologists and criminologists have developed the ‘mock juror’ paradigm. Here the details of a mock (or real) criminal event are presented to a group of individuals acting as though they are jurors deliberating a trial. A number of mock jury studies have considered both evidential information, such as how the alleged perp...