Background. Relatively few treatment studies address mental health issues in very young children. This study examined the effectiveness of a treatment program for toddlers whose behavior problems were further complicated by living in poverty. Method. An empirically-validated treatment program was adapted for use in the homes of 102 toddlers for an average of 12 weekly sessions. Results. Signifi...

We examined the relationships among intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations, achievement goals, and intelligence beliefs for 202 3rdthrough 8th-grade children from K-8 schools. Analyses of age differences revealed substantial declines in intrinsic – but not extrinsic – motivation with increasing grade level. Intrinsic motivation was associated with mastery goals but unrelated to perfo...

Despite increasing empirical data to the contrary, it continues to be claimed that mor-phosyntax and face processing skills of people with Williams syndrome are intact. This purported intactness, which coexists with mental retardation, is used to bolster claims about innately specified, independently functioning modules, as if the atypically developing brain were simply a normal brain with part...

OBJECTIVE Social networking sites (SNSs) not only offer users an opportunity to link with others but also allow individuals to compare themselves with other users. However, the link between the use of SNSs and the dissatisfaction with body weight is largely unknown. We investigated the associations between the use of SNSs and the perception of body weight and related behaviours among adolescent...

We investigate knowledge of core syntactic and semantic principles in individuals with Williams Syndrome (WS). Our study focuses on the logico-syntactic properties of negation and disjunction (or) and tests knowledge of (a) core syntactic relations (scope and c-command), (b) core semantic relations (entailment relations and DeMorgan's laws of propositional logic), and (c) the relationship betwe...

An increasing number of research studies have suggested that metacognition is associated with individuals' mental health. Specifically, metacognitive beliefs about rumination was proposed to link to the onset and maintenance of depression according to the metacognitive model of depression. The current study aimed to serve as a pilot study exploring how parents' metacognitive beliefs and parenti...

FFQ are widely used in large-scale studies to assess dietary intake. To aid interpretation of diet-disease associations assessment of validity must be performed. Reproducibility is one aspect of validity focusing on the stability of repeated assessment with the same method which may also reveal problems in instrument design or participant instructions. The aim of the present study was to evalua...

To clarify the roles of IQ and mental age (MA) in hypothesis behavior, MA-matched subjects at three levels of IQ (70, 100. and 130) and three levels of MA (5%. 7L/z. and 9% years) received blank-trial discrimination learning problems using procedures designed to discourage position-oriented responding. With position responding discouraged, earlier findings were contradicted in that no hypothesi...

objective to evaluate the developmental situation of children that undergo operation because of syndromic and non-syndromic craniosynostosis. materials & methods in this prospective study, 24 children (4 to 16 months of age) who underwent neurosurgeryical intervention because of non-syndromic (79%) and syndromic (21%) craniosynostosis were recruited. for psychological evaluation, the bayley sca...

OBJECTIVES It is known that self-reported health (SRH) declines with increasing age and that comorbidity increases with age. We wished to examine how age transfers its effect to SRH through comorbid disease and mental illness and whether these processes remained stable from 1994 until 2008. The hypothesis is that ageing and/or the increased age-related burden of pathology explains the declining...