the present paper is the result of the surveys done on the translation of the robaiyyat-e hakim omar khayyam sera'iki language. these translations that are mostly done on the basis of valid and authentic texts both in the persian and english languages, can be divided into two categories: i. translation into prose of the robaiyyat ii. translation into verse of the robaiyyat together with ex...

Membrane computing is a branch of natural computing aiming to abstract computing models from the structure and functioning of the living cell, and from the way cells cooperate in tissues, organs, or other populations of cells. This research area developed very fast, both at the theoretical level and in what concerns the applications. During the almost ten years since membrane computing was init...

Summary: PathBinderH allows users to make queries that retrieve sentences and their containing abstracts from PubMed. The most significant aspect of PathBinderH is that users can specify biological taxa in order to limit searches to abstracts mentioning either the specified taxa, or their subordinate taxa, in the biological taxonomy. Although current project needs only require this function for...

Intelligent virtual characters has been subject to exponential growth in the last decades and they are utilized in many application areas such as education, training, human-computer interfaces and entertainment. In this paper, we present a state-ofthe-art of virtual human mentioning about the use of intelligent decision technologies in order to build virtual human architectures. We consider var...

This first chapter gives an introduction into the area of tree transducer theory, and describes the results presented in Chapters 2–6. The first section addresses general issues like translations, trees, and tree grammars. Section 2 is concerned with the different models of tree transducers that are considered in the thesis. It describes the typical problems that appear in tree transducer theor...

Syringomyelia is an etiologically diverse affliction caused by disturbance of normal cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics. An evaluation by comprehensive imaging, using advanced three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state and four-dimensional phase contrast imaging techniques, should be focused on finding the causative lesion because this determines which surgical strategy could be...

A number of approaches to agent society modeling can be found in the Multi-Agent Systems literature which exploit (variants of) Deontic Logic. In this paper, after briefly mentioning related approaches, we focus on the Computational Logic (CL) approach for society modeling developed within the UE IST-2001-32530 Project (named SOCS), where obligations and prohibitions are mapped into abducible p...

This paper describes one of the biometric systems text-independent speaker verification. It discusses the different stages of speaker verification in text-independent systems as well mentioning other systems for speaker verification. Each stage has its subparts, so those parts are discussed as well. The methods for the speaker-verification are displayed in the article. Feature extraction from t...

first imagining such a thing to be possible rested with Sir Christopher Wren. He detailed his first attempts in 1665 or '69, at which the Hon. Robert Boyle and Wilkins assisted, mentioning that to Boyle belonged the honour of having first suggested its application to human beings. In a very incomplete review he traversed the work done in the following centuries. He pointed out that about the la...

An interesting phenomenon called "hidden opportunity cost of time effect" was detected in intertemporal choices. The majority of our participants preferred the smaller but sooner (SS) option to the larger but later (LL) option if opportunity cost was explicit. However, a higher proportion of participants preferred the LL to SS option if opportunity cost was hidden. This shift violates the invar...