Functional roles may be able to explain the learning performance of groups. However, it is not at all easy for teachers in either conventional classrooms or web learning systems to identify the functional roles played by students in a group and the relationship between roles and group performance. In a web learning system, interactions among group members can be recorded in a database. Tools ca...

The use of Tools for Working with Guidelines (TFWWG) during the design and development of user interfaces (UIs) is one possible approach to design usable UI. This paper addresses the following questions: What have been the typical contributions of different UI design approaches to the TFWWG approach and which roles TFWWG have played in these different UI design approaches? To answer these quest...

Recently, bio-based oil was used as industrial lubricant due to the increasing consideration on environment effect and health issues and in order to replace the usage of petroleum-based oil. The modified vegetable oil exhibit excellent lubrication and tribological performances when compared to the petroleum-based oil. In this study, the crude jatropha oil was modified via chemical modification ...

A number of environmentally adapted lubricants have been proposed in response to the environmental and health impacts of metalworking fluids (MWFs). The alternatives typically substitute petroleum with vegetable-based components and/or deliver minimum quantities of lubricant in gas rather than water, with the former strategy being more prevalent than the latter. A comparative life cycle assessm...

INTRODUCTION Metalworking fluids (MWFs), which are widely used in metal working operations, can cause different adverse effects, e.g., dermal and respiratory disorders, and cancer. Evaluating workers' exposure to MWF mists and the effective factors in their dispersion were the purpose of this study. MATERIALS AND METHOD Seventy-five out of 300 workers working in metalworking workshops were ra...

An integrated approach was developed to assess exposure and health-risk from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contained in oil mists in a fastener manufacturing industry. One previously developed model and one new model were adopted for predicting oil mist exposure concentrations emitted from metal work fluid (MWF) and PAHs contained in MWF by using the fastener production rate (Pr) and ...

This paper evaluates speech enhancement in binaural multimicrophone hearing aids by noise reduction algorithms based on the multichannel Wiener filter (MWF) and the MWF with partial noise estimate (MWF-N). Both algorithms are specifically developed to combine noise reduction with the preservation of binaural cues. Objective and perceptual evaluations were performed with different speech-in-mult...