This research studied the effect of channel roughness on micro-droplet distributions in internal minimum quantity lubrication for effective machining. Mixtures different oils and air were flown though channels with simulated roughness: as fabricated, partially threaded, fully threaded. The airborne droplets collected, analyzed, compared results by computational fluid dynamics. For low-viscous l...

This paper presents a functional microstructured surface, named Polar Microstructure. Polar microstructure is a three dimensional (3D) structured surface possessing a pattern of distribution of latitude and longitude micro-topographies with geometrical characteristics, which is similar to that in the Earth’s north or south pole. The spacing of its small surface features can achieve form accurac...

Laser-induced-plasma-assisted ablation (LIPAA) is a promising micro-machining method that can fabricate microstructure on hard and transparent double-polished single crystal sapphire (SCS). While ablating, a nanosecond pulse 1064 nm wavelength laser beam travels through the SCS substrate and bombards the copper target lined up behind the substrate, which excites the ablating plasma. When laser ...

Micro-channels were fabricated in hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber (HC-PBGF) and suspended-core holey fiber (SC-HF) by femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser irradiation. Gaseous access was demonstrated via these engineered ports to the core of HC-PBGF and the hollow cladding of SC-HF. Femtosecond laser micro-machining caused no additional transmission loss in HC-PBGFs. This allowed a novel gas cell t...

Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) is a nontraditional drilling process. It has been used to drill not only brittle but also ductile materials. It was observed that the surface roughness of the drilled hole near the entrance side was better than that near the exit side. However, explanations about this observation could not be found in the literature. This paper aims to provide explanations abou...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to use micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning to evaluate the efficacy of sonic and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH](2)) removal and to measure the volume and percentage of Ca(OH)(2) remaining in the root canal system. METHODOLOGY The root canals of 46 extracted human mandibular molar teeth were prepared with rota...

Technological advances have facilitated many developments in the MEMS, electrical, medical and aerospace industries in recent years. As the devices commonly found in these industries have become smaller, so the requirements for high-precision machining techniques have become ever more pressing. Nowadays, micro-machining processes are playing an important role in satisfying these requirements. A...

A micro-fiber-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) is proposed and demonstrated experimentally for ultrasonic imaging of seismic physical models. The device consists of a micro-bubble followed by the end of a single-mode fiber (SMF). The micro-structure is formed by the discharging operation on a short segment of hollow-core fiber (HCF) that is spliced to the SMF. This micro FPI is sensitive ...