The microbial synthesis of cobalamins first described by Rickes et al. (1948) as an attribute of Streptomyces griseus has been found to be a synthetic property of many microbial genera when grown in media containing cobalt salts (Darken, 1953). In all of the experiments described in the literature the microorganisms have been grown in cobalt-containing media, and no mention has been made of the...

This study was aimed to evaluate the correlation between in vitro fermentation and in situ degradation parameters and to predict dry matter degradability and energy protein synchronization of roughage based diets. Different inclusion of roughage in diets [roughage 50% diet (R50D), roughage 60% diet (R60D), roughage 65% diet (R65D) and roughage ...

Abstract ?-Alkenes (terminal alkenes) are important fuel and platform chemicals that mainly produced from petroleum. Microbial synthesis might provide a sustainable approach for ?-alkenes. In this work, we engineered the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris to produce long-chain (C15:1, C17:1 C17:2) ?-alkenes via decarboxylation of fatty acids. Combinatorial engineering, including enzyme select...

the effect of feeding silage of leaf and stem of banana tree with waste date palm on feed intake, microbial protein synthesis and blood parameters using four adult rams in a change- over design with four 21-days period were examined. eighty five kg leaf and stem of banana tree with 15 kg of waste date palm were mixed together and ensiled for 45 days. chemical composition and sensory evaluation ...

among the ways of pigment production, microbial synthesis has gained more interest for high growth rate, easy extraction and high yield. pigments are used in the food industry as natural colorants and preservatives; they also have pharmaceutical applications. in this study, fungus monascus purpureus ptcc 5303 was used to produce red, orange and yellow pigments. at first, significant variables w...

Microbial consortia consisting of cooperational strains exhibit biodegradation performance superior to that of single microbial strains and improved remediation efficiency by relieving the environmental stress. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), a universal solvent widely used in chemical and pharmaceutical synthesis, significantly affects the environment. As a refractory pollutant, THF can be degraded by ...

Understanding the structure, functions, activities and dynamics of microbial communities in natural environments is one of the grand challenges of 21st century science. To address this challenge, over the past decade, numerous technologies have been developed for interrogating microbial communities, of which some are amenable to exploratory work (e.g., high-throughput sequencing and phenotypic ...

Synthesis gas, that consists largely of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, has been used in a process to make the commodity chemical, 2-hydroxybutyric acid. This news report discusses a proposal to alter regulations of materials and products involved in using synthetic biology to make chemicals. Genetic engineering can be complex and time consuming. This research paper describes an a...

Through natural development the ruminant stomach has achieved an efficient microbial digestion of plant fibre and also of almost all other plant constituents; synthesis of microbial polysaccharide and protein and of certain vitamins also occurs. The products of microbial digestion are utilized by ruminants, but they are not identical with the products of digestion in non-ruminants. I n this Sym...

We have examined the biosynthesis and accumulation of cyanobacterial sunscreening pigment scytonemin within intertidal microbial mat communities using a combination of chemical, molecular, and phylogenetic approaches. Both laminated (layered) and nonlaminated mats contained scytonemin, with morphologically distinct mats having different cyanobacterial community compositions. Within laminated mi...