Neurology 2012;79:962–964 The frontotemporal degenerations (FTD) are, as a group, considered as orphan diseases. A variety of clinical syndromes are encompassed by FTD, including behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), and semantic and nonfluent/agrammatic variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA). Motor neuron disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may co-occur in small percentages of spor...

Neurology 2011;76:1370–1371 In this issue of Neurology, Wicklund et al.1 report and discuss an extraordinary series of individuals with clinical features of behavior variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD)2 caused by frontotemporal brain sagging syndrome (FBSS) (spontaneous intracranial hypotension). In FBSS, structural imaging shows downward displacement or “sagging” of the brain,3 which may h...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) a well-known neurodegenerative disorder characterized by formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles and by loss of neurons is the most common type of Dementia, also called as Senile Dementia of Alzheimer Type (SDAT) which frequently occurs in elder people. Globally it was noticed that every year 3, 60, 000 new cases were admitted with severe AD. AD was fir...

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and autophagy are both essentially involved in the pathomechanisms of various cardiovascular pathologies, eg, cardiac hypertrophy/ load-induced heart disease, ischemic heart disease, or atherosclerosis.1–4 Regarding the RAS, it is commonly accepted that angiotensin II via the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) directly and indirectly (by increasing blood pr...

The antiprotozoal agent quinacrine is a lipophilic cationic drug highly distributed to tissues. It has been used in the present experiments to examine whether the vacuolar and autophagic cytopathology induced by organic amines is independent from the therapeutic class. Furthermore, we tested the presence of the concentrated cationic drug itself in the enlarged vacuoles by exploiting the intense...

Microtubules were isolated from unfertilized eggs of the sea urchin with the use of the anti-tumor drug taxol. In addition to tubulin, prominent high molecular weight (Mr;205,000350,60 microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) were identified as well as MAP species of Mrs 77,000, 100,000, and 120,000. The microtubules were covered with both short periodic arms and longer filamentous arms,both clas...

The antiprotozoal agent quinacrine is a lipophilic cationic drug highly distributed to tissues. It has been used in the present experiments to examine whether the vacuolar and autophagic cytopathology induced by organic amines is independent from the therapeutic class. Furthermore, we tested the presence of the concentrated cationic drug itself in the enlarged vacuoles by exploiting the intense...

the cells in the absence of lysis and without loss of plasmamembrane skeletal protein unless fusion of the nuclear and plasma membranes had occurred, followed by exovesiculation of the resulting expanded surface bilayer. We have further investigated the factors which control this putative membrane fusion event in the hope that an understanding of this process in chicken erythrocytes may give us...

the amyloid cascade hypothesis—in which the age-dependent accumulation of the amyloid β-peptide (aβ) is proposed to be the trigger for alzheimer disease—has provided a huge impetus for research into disease mechanisms and contributed to the focusing of research on to alzheimer disease therapeutics. aβ itself is derived from the transmembrane amyloid precursor protein (app), the gene for which w...

Stromal-interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2þ storage sensor that promotes cell growth, migration, and angiogenesis in breast and cervical cancers. Here, we report that the microtubuleassociated histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) differentially regulates activation of STIM1-mediated store-operated Ca2þ entry (SOCE) between cervical cancer cells andnormal cervical epithelial...