The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) on the micturition reflex. Experiments were conducted in 24 rats under urethane anesthesia. A catheter was inserted into the bladder via the bladder dome for saline infusion. A cuff electrode was placed around right tibial nerve for stimulation. TNS (5 Hz, 0.2 msec pulse width) at 2-4 times the threshold (T)...

pass down towards the groin or testicle. A month before admission micturition became painful, the pain being in the hypogastrium and along the urethra, especially severe towards the end of micturition. Three weeks before admission blood appeared in the urine for the first time. It came on suddenly, and at first the urine was deeply blood-stained?the urine being almost pure blood, according to t...

BACKGROUND Traditional tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) has been used to treat overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), but there are some shortcomings. Thus, a novel alternative is needed for the treatment of OAB. The study investigated the effects of a new type of tibial nerve microstimulator on the micturition reflex in cats. METHODS An implantable wireless driver microstimulator was implanted aro...

The vast majority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) develop bladder control problems including urgency to urinate, urinary incontinence, frequency of urination, and retention of urine. Over 60% of MS patients show detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, an abnormality characterized by obstruction of urinary outflow as a result of discoordinated contraction of the urethral sphincter muscle and th...

This article summarizes anatomical, neurophysiological, and pharmacological studies in humans and animals to provide insights into the neural circuitry and neurotransmitter mechanisms controlling the lower urinary tract and alterations in these mechanisms in lower urinary tract dysfunction. The functions of the lower urinary tract, to store and periodically release urine, are dependent on the a...

The effects of dopamine receptor agonists on urinary bladder function were evaluated in normal and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned parkinsonian cynomolgus monkeys to investigate the therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of urinary symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Under ketamine anesthesia, cystometrograms exhibited significant reduction in the volume threshold for t...

It has long been known that at the level of the midbrain pontine junction there is a neural mechanism essential for micturition. Contraction of the urinary bladder in response to increased intravesicular pressure is abolished in the cat following a subcollicular, but not after an intercollicular decerebration.' Electrical stimulation of the brain stem at the level of the inferior colliculus evo...

OBJECTIVES To examine the changes in bladder function after renal transplantation by comparing lower urinary tract symptoms in the first and third years after transplantation in a group of renal transplant recipients. METHODS The long-term changes in bladder function after transplantation were studied using a longitudinal study design. The study group consisted of 53 patients who underwent re...

The isomorphism of dorsal periaqueductal gray-evoked defensive behaviors and panic attacks was appraised in the present study. Thresholds of electrically induced immobility, trotting, galloping, jumping, exophthalmus, micturition and defecation were recorded before and after acute injections of anxiolytic, anxiogenic and antidepressant drugs. Antidepressant effects were further assessed 24h aft...

PURPOSE Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) increases the duration of hospitalization and frequency and risk of urinary bladder catheterization. The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of intramuscularly administered drotaverine hydrochloride in the prevention of POUR in orthopedic patients. METHODS Two hundred and thirty patients 17-40 years of age undergoing lower limb or...