BACKGROUND Accurate reporting of adverse events occurring after vaccination is an important component of determining risk-benefit ratios for vaccinations. Controversy has developed over alleged underreporting of adverse events within U.S. military samples. This report examines the accuracy of adverse event rates recently published for headaches, and examines the issue of underreporting of heada...

Abstract Latin American militaries are today in many regards inoperative and obsolete as an instrument of defence. Yet, they seek to maintain their organisational power privileges. Governments, on the other hand, lack adequate means fight criminality, persisting poverty social inequality. In apparent win-win situation, governments have used military a wildcard step where civilian state capacity...

South Korea’s transition from military-controlled authoritarianism to consolidated civilian-dominated democracy is widely considered a success story. However, civilians’ roles within the MND remain severely limited due institutional design of MND. A decentralised structure emerged in MND, delegating policy decision-making critical areas professional soldiers. Data analysis on 1,060 employees 21...

The management of head injured patients has recently been reviewed with the development of civilian guidelines for best practice. These are common injuries which often have significant sequelae for patients and costs for health care providers. Evolving civilian standards of care have implications for military medicine which is often practised in challenging environments. Considerable planning a...

After the Bali bombing on 12 October 2002, many injured Australians required evacuation to Darwin, and then to burns units around Australia. Many patients were evacuated from Denpasar by Qantas, with assistance from staff of civilian medical retrieval services. The transport of patients from Darwin to specialist burns units involved a coordinated response of civilian and military services. Some...

Motion sickness is a self-limiting but uncomfortable phenomenon experienced by many people. It is common during civilian travel and also among professionals during travel or military manoeuvres. Meclizine is a piperzine antihistamine that is effective for the prevention and treatment of motion sickness, particularly during mild civilian travel. It is well tolerated with few adverse effects and ...

Although originally developed for the military, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has proven invaluable for a multitude of civilian applications. Each application demands specific performance from the GPS receiver, and the associated requirements often vary widely. This paper describes the architectures and functions of civilian GPS receivers and then focuses on performance considerations. Th...

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INTRODUCTION Evidence from civilian athletes raises the question of whether reproductive dysfunction may be seen in female soldiers as a result of military training. Such reproductive dysfunction consists of impaired ovulation with or without long-term subfertility. METHODS A critical review of pertinent evidence following an extensive literature search. RESULTS The evidence points towards ...