introduction high concentrations of metals are usually encountered in surface soil and vegetation in areas affected by mining activity (liu et al., 2006). different distribution of elements in chemical fractions result in different bioavailability; therefore knowledge of the total content of an element in soil is not a sufficient criterion to estimate the environmental implications of trace met...

The South African mining industry has been the backbone of the country’s economy for much of the past century. Mining has, however, often caused the degradation of productive soils. The amendment of these soils is often very expensive and often not sustainable. The University of Pretoria in cooperation with Eskom TSI, has over the past seven years conducted a series of trials. These trials have...