A justification for an entailment in an OWL ontology is a minimal subset of the ontology that is sufficient for that entailment to hold. Since justifications respect the syntactic form of axioms in an ontology, they are usually neither syntactically nor semantically minimal. This paper presents two new subclasses of justifications—laconic justifications and precise justifications. Laconic justi...

In spontaneous speech, speakers segment their speech into intonational phrases, and make repairs to what they are saying. However, techniques for understanding spontaneous speech tend to treat these events as noise, in the same manner as they handle out-of-grammar constructions and misrecognitions. In our approach, we advocate that these events should be explicitly modeled. We modify the speech...

One of the characteristics of spontaneous speech is the abundance of speech repairs, in which speakers go back and repeat or change something they have just said. In other work [7], we proposed a language model for speech recognition that can detect and correct speech repairs in English. In this paper, we show that this model works equally as well on a Japanese corpus of spontaneous speech. The...

Repair of inguinal hernia is one of the commonest operations performed by surgeons around the world. The treatment of this common problem has seen an evolution from the pure tissue repairs to the prosthetic repairs and in the recent past to laparoscopic repair. The fact that so many hernia repairs are practiced is a testimony to the fact that probably none is distinctly superior to the other. T...

Inguinal hernia is a very common problem. Surgical repair is the current approach, whereas asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic hernias may be good candidate for watchful waiting. Prophylactic antibiotics can be used in centers with high rate of wound infection. Local anesthesia is a suitable and economic option for open repairs, and should be popularized in day-case setting. Numerous repair m...

Several studies have noted that increasing age is a significant factor for diminished rotator cuff healing, while biomechanical studies have suggested the reason for this may be an inferior healing environment in older patients. Larger tears and fatty infiltration or atrophy negatively affect rotator cuff healing. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, double-row repairs, performing a concomitant ac...

In this work we establish and investigate the connections between causality for query answers in databases, database repairs wrt. denial constraints, and consistency-based diagnosis. The first two are relatively new problems in databases, and the third one is an established subject in knowledge representation. We show how to obtain database repairs from causes and the other way around. The vast...

We study active integrity constraints, a formalism designed to describe integrity constraints on databases and to specify preferred ways to enforce them. The original semantics proposed for active integrity constraints is based on the concept of a founded repair. We point out that groundedness underlying founded repairs does not prevent cyclic justifications and so, may be inappropriate in some...

This paper describes a statistical corpus study of self-repairs in the disfluencyannotated Switchboard corpus which examines the time-linear nature of self-repair processing for annotators and listeners in dialogue. The study suggests a strictly local detection and processing mechanism for self-repairs is sufficient, an advantage currently not used effectively under the bonnet of state-of-the-a...

: Minimal invasive approaches through small thoracic incisions for the isolated repair of most common congenital heart defects have been around decades. However, lack belonging in established surgical training curriculums compared to traditional median sternotomy, requirement more technical expertise and a certain learning curve, has limited their use, being routinely performed only by surgeons...