IL-4 and IFN-gamma each have potent effects on B cell responses as well as strong mutual antagonism. Here we have examined the quantitative effects of these cytokines on CD40 ligand-induced B cell proliferation, cell survival, and division-linked isotype switching. Both IL-4 (strongly) and IFN-gamma (weakly) enhanced the number of B cells found in culture by reducing the average time cells take...

maintaining customer interest to repurchase is an important issue in today's competitive market of italian restaurants in tehran. therefore, determining the reasons that caused switching intention in customers, can be leading to arrange marketing purposes. so this research intends to evaluate effect of perceived quality, satiation and satisfaction on switching intention and to examine mode...

Molecular motor proteins serve as an essential component of intracellular transport by generating forces to haul cargoes along cytoskeletal filaments. Two species of motors that are directed oppositely (e.g. kinesin, dynein) can be attached to the same cargo, which is known to produce bidirectional net motion. Although previous work focuses on the motor number as the driving noise source for sw...

the michelsen stability and multiphase flash calculation by direct minimization of gibbs free energy of the system at constant temperature and pressure, was used for systems containing gas hydrates. the solid hydrate phase was treated as a solid solution. the fugacities of all components of the hydrate phase were calculated as a function of compositions by the rearranged model of van der waals ...

This study presents an optimization problem for shape design of a 2-D radiant enclosure with transparent medium and gray-diffuse surfaces. The aim of the design problem is to find the optimum geometry of a radiant enclosure from the knowledge of temperature and heat flux over some parts of boundary surface, namely the design surface. The solution of radiative heat transfer is based on the net r...

This paper describes a 12-bit 100kS/s successive approximation register analog-todigital converter (SAR ADC) for biomedical system. Both top-plate sampling technique and VCM-based switching technique are applied to the capacitor digital-to-analog converter (CDAC) to implement a 12-bit SAR ADC with 10-b capacitor array DAC. To enhance the linearity of proposed ADC, thermometer decoder is used in...

If behavior networks, which use spreading activation to select actions, are analogous to connectionist methods of pattern recognition, then we suggest that recurrent behavior networks, which use energy minimization, are analogous to Hoppeld networks. Hoppeld networks memorize patterns by making them attractors. We argue that, similarly, each behavior of a recurrent behavior network should be an...

In this paper, we study the stability and generalization properties of penalized empirical-risk minimization algorithms. We propose a set of properties of the penalty term that is sufficient to ensure uniform β-stability: we show that if the penalty function satisfies a suitable convexity property, then the induced regularization algorithm is uniformly β-stable. In particular, our results imply...

A novel approach for the lossless compression of gray images is presented. A prediction process is performed followed by the mapping of prediction residuals. The prediction residuals are then split into bit–planes. Twodimensional (2D) differencing operation is applied to bitplanes prior to segmentation and classification. Performing an Exclusive-OR logic operation between neighboring pixels in ...