surgery and to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of mitral stenosis. Although surgery produced a significant increase in calculated mitral valve area, the degree of improvement varied markedly. The younger patients had the greater increase in mitral valve area. The change in cardiac index and pulmonary vascular resistance correlated well with the change in mitral valve area. Only...

The outcome in functional mitral regurgitation after aortic valve replacement is unclear. A frail 82-year-old woman with severe aortic valve regurgitation and mild to moderate functional mitral valve regurgitation (NYHA functional class III) was referred to our clinic. In consideration of her frail condition, aortic valve replacement without mitral surgery was performed. She had hemodynamic ins...

The favorable outcomes achieved with modern mitral valve repair techniques redefined the role of mitral valve replacement. Various international databases report a significant decrease in replacement procedures performed compared with repairs, and contemporary guidelines limit the application of surgical mitral valve replacement to pathology in which durable repair is unlikely to be achieved. T...

Few reports have described long-term outcomes after translocated mitral valve replacement. We describe tips, potential pitfalls, and long-term outcome associated with the construction of a new mitral annulus and reinforcement of prosthesis attachment using a mitral prosthetic valve with an equine pericardial collar in a woman with extensive mitral valve calcification.

In patients with mitral valve prolapse syndrome various disturbances of cardiac rhythm can be observed such as atrial arrhythmias, ventricular tachycardias and conduction disturbances. Of timely interest are the questions of which etiology is at the basis of the arrhythmias, what is their relevance with respect to sudden cardiac death, what are the indications for treatment and which therapeuti...

we present a very rare case of partially unroofed coronary sinus without persistent left superior vena cava in a 74 years old female with a history of hypertension, severe myxomatous bileaflet mitral valve prolapse with severe eccentric mitral regurgitation which was diagnosed during cardiac surgery.

Echocardiographic analysis of the movement of the posterior mitral valve leaflet in 60 patients with lone mitral stenosis, 35 patients with aortic stenosis, and 18 patients with aortic and mitral stenosis showed a spectrum of initial posterior mitral valve leaflet movement in early diastole. The classical anterior movement was seen in 36 out of 60 patients with mitral stenosis (60%), and 8 out ...

Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is any association between the optimal increase in mitral valve area and mitral transvalvular gradient decrement and pulmonary arterial pressure decrement after balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) in patients with mitral stenosis. Methods: The study population consisted of 49 patients (47 women, 2 men; mean age = 43.7±13.35 years) wi...

Diseased, replaced or repaired mitral valve can lead to restricted blood flow to left ventricle and inadequate flow in left ventricular assist device (LVAD). A middle age woman with 'burnt out' hypertrophic cardiomyopathy had mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation. She needed LVAD to support severe decompensating heart failure. Repaired mitral valve posed a risk of restricted flow through...

A three year old girl with severe congenital mitral stenosis was successfully treated by percutaneous balloon dilatation of the mitral valve. Cardiac catheterisation and cross sectional and Doppler echocardiography indicated that the orifice of the mitral valve had doubled in area. A small atrial septal defect was found at follow up cardiac catheterisation and angiography. Balloon dilatation of...