Children pass through a stage in development when they produce utterances that contain auxiliary BE (he's playing) and utterances where auxiliary BE is omitted (he playing). One explanation that has been put forward to explain this phenomenon is the presence of questions in the input that model S-V word order (Theakston, Lieven & Tomasello, 2oo3). The current paper reports two studies that inve...

This paper reports on our experience hand tagging the senses of 25 of the most frequent verbs in 12,925 sentences of the Wall Street Journal Treebank corpus (Marcus et al. 1993). The verbs are tagged with respect to senses in WordNet (Miller 1990). Some of the annotated verbs can function as both main and auxiliary verbs, and some are often used in idioms. This paper suggests consistently repre...

Can regular and irregular verb forms be accommodated by a single representational mechanism or is a dual mechanism account required? In a first experiment, we used a cross-modal repetition priming paradigm to investigate the mental representation of regular and irregular verb forms in French. Participants heard a spoken prime (such as aimons, ‘we love’) immediately followed by lexical decision ...

We present a rst-order modal-calculus which uses parameterised maximal x-points to describe safety and liveness properties of processes. Then we give a local model checking proof system for deciding if a process satisses such a formula. The processes we consider are those deenable in regular value-passing CCS with parameterised recursive deenitions. Certain rules in the proof system carry side ...

I consider two semantic issues concerning will-sentences: Stalnaker’s Asymmetry and modal subordination in Karttunen-type discourses. The former prima facie points to drawing a distinction between will and modal verbs, as it seems to show that will does not license non-specific indefinites. The latter points in the opposite direction, suggesting that will-sentences involve some kind of modality...

The derivation of unbounded Subject-to-Subject Raising in languages like English is a problem particularly elegantly treated by Tree Adjoining Grammar. The adjoining operation inserts auxiliary trees headed by raising verbs between the subject in SpecIP and the root verb, distancing the subject from its original local relationshlp with the root verb and producing a final multi-clausal structure...

Due to Brexit, the UK has been involved in a continuous political debate between Boris Johnson, Prime Minister, and Jeremy Corbyn, leader of opposition. This paper compares analyses modality used corpus consisting their speeches until Brexit day. Modal verbs are express ability, possibility, willingness, certainty, obligation necessity. Politicians’ choice certain words can be useful tool affec...