The task of decoupling, i.e., removing unwanted internal couplings of a quantum system and its couplings to an environment, plays an important role in quantum control theory. There are many efficient decoupling schemes based on combinatorial concepts such as orthogonal arrays, difference schemes, and Hadamard matrices. So far these combinatorial decoupling schemes have relied on the ability to ...

Introduction: In previous work, we introduced the concept of the multi-mode intravascular MRI coil [1,2] which consists of a single active device that is connected to the external system via a single coaxial cable and performs three functions: 1) active tip tracking, 2) imaging, and 3) inductively-coupled wireless marker. The purpose of such a multi-functional coil is to enable single insertion...

Abstract In the ocean, zinc (Zn) is an important element for biological activity and biogeochemistry. The distribution of dissolved Zn in global ocean similar to that silica (Si). Previous model-based experiments proposed Southern Ocean hypothesis: high Zn/P uptake ratio by phytoplankton leads Zn-depleted surface water this anomaly transported into interior associated with mode formation, resul...

Power and ground planes on multilayer PCBs can effectively radiate electromagnetic fields excited by the IC simultaneous switching noise. The high frequency electromagnetic radiation is often calculated from the electric field along the edge of the PCB, which can be estimated with a cavity model using magnetic walls. The excitation of the cavity modes is related to the via current passing throu...

Modern evolutionary biology is founded on the Mendelian-genetic model of inheritance, but it is now clear that this model is incomplete. Empirical evidence shows that environment (encompassing all external influences on the genome) can impose transgenerational effects and generate heritable variation for a broad array of traits in animals, plants, and other organisms. Such effects can be mediat...

The purpose of decoupling capacitors on printed circuit boards is to meet the instantaneous current demands of high-speed active devices while minimizing power bus noise. Embedded capacitance is an alternative to discrete decoupling capacitors and is achieved by taking advantage of the natural capacitance between the power and ground planes. This paper investigates the electrical properties of ...

The question of decoupling and freeze-out is revisited. Starting from an exact manybody expression transparent semi-classical decoupling formulae are microscopically derived which provide a smooth decoupling in time both, for single and two particle inclusive spectra. They generalise frequently employed instantaneous freeze-out procedures and provide simple relations between the damping width a...

This paper reports the reduction of package-stresses by in tm ducing a decoupling zone directly m u n d a sensor structure. Different geometries of the decoupling zones are compared, using the Fdte Element Method (FEM) and analytical models. A large reduction is obtained in case of a corrugated decoupling zone. To optimize the reduction, an analytical description of a ring-shaped V-groove is gi...

Methods to ensure signal integrity using decoupling capacitors have been the topic of many papers in the past as well as in the present. One can find equally many methods of decoupling as well. This paper will illustrate one of these established methods and introduce it in a theoretical sense using the most simplistic of terms. The paper will also describe the methods of the past (in slow speed...

Even in the absence of a sizable tensor contribution, a B-mode polarization can be generated because of the competition between a pseudo-scalar background and pre-decoupling magnetic fields. By investigating the dispersion relations of a magnetoactive plasma supplemented by a pseudo-scalar interaction, the total B-mode polarization is shown to depend not only upon the plasma and Larmor frequenc...