In this paper, the present investigation has been conducted keeping in mind some of the problems concerning the crack propagation direction and growth under constant loading in an inclined crack geometry. The present studies mainly focused on the development and modifications in the crack growth criterion to account the biaxial, shear loading and number of stress terms. Existing criteria for th...

Atmospheric fine particles (diameter < 1 μm) attract a growing global health concern and have increased in urban areas that have a strong link to nucleation, traffic emissions, and industrial emissions. To reveal the characteristics of fine particles in an industrial city of a developing country, two-year measurements of particle number size distribution (15.1 nm-661 nm), meteorological paramet...

In wireless local area networks (WLANs), power conservation for mobile devices is considered as one of the most important issues because it effectively prolongs the battery life of mobile devices. The IEEE 802.11 standard specifies a power-saving mode that allows mobile nodes to adaptively operate in sleep and wake modes to reduce the overall energy consumption. In the IEEE 802.11 power-saving ...

Low-power resistive random access memory (LP-ReRAM) devices have attracted increasing attention owing to their advantages of low operation power. In this study, a vertical-type LP-ReRAM consisting of TiN/Ti/HfO2/TiN structure was fabricated. The switching mechanism for LP-ReRAM was elucidated as the conductive filament mechanism for conventional mode, and an interface-type switching mechanism f...

Abstract The problem of common mode voltage in inverters can be considered as a major issue which leads to motor bearing failures. To eliminate these voltages, proposing some methods seems to be necessary. This paper has a comparative study on estimating modulation methods of eliminating common mode voltage. The main idea of these methods is based on generation of reference vector with nearest ...

We refine the classical notion of the nonterminal complexity of graph-controlled grammars, programmed grammars, and matrix grammars by also counting, in addition, the number of nonterminal symbols that are actually used in the appearance checking mode. We prove that every recursively enumerable language can be generated by a graph-controlled grammar with only two nonterminal symbols when both s...

it seems that the general applicability of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (qtaim) oncharacterizing the bonded interactions is still questionable even afier 30 years since its formulation. fordemonstrating the generality of bonding schemes in qta im, ea( isomers were chosen as the modelsystems and the results from molecular charge density analysis and vibrational normal modes werecompa...