On the boundary of any two phases a transition region is formed, designated as interphase, the composition of which is not identical with composition of the internal part of any of two phases. This transition region – interphase – is formed by effect of surface forces, given by the character and composition of both contacting phases, and its thickness is usually of the order of molecular dimens...

A future, robust energy portfolio will include, together with fossil fuel technologies and nuclear systems, a mix of renewable energy systems. Within each type of system there will also be variants used to strengthen a nation's baseload and/or peak power requirements. Among renewable energies, solar thermal systems are particularly promising in terms of their capability of contributing to the b...

A patient with retroperitoneal fibrosis and right peritracheal and hilar lymphadenopathy was studied using gallium-67-citrate. No abnormal uptake was seen in the regions of retroperitoneal fibrosis, while there was avid uptake in chest lesions later shown to represent small cell lung carcinoma. Retroperitoneal fibrosis which does not show gallium uptake is most likely mature, with few inflammat...

In an effort to combine group III-V semiconductors with carbon nanotubes, a simple solution-based technique for gallium functionalization of nitrogen-doped multi-wall carbon nanotubes has been developed. With an aqueous solution of a gallium salt (GaI(3)), it was possible to form covalent bonds between the Ga(3+) ion and the nitrogen atoms of the doped carbon nanotubes to form a gallium nitride...

The synthesis and analysis of the electronic states of the main-chain type-organogallium polymers are presented. We synthesized the polymers containing four-coordinate gallium atoms by organometal coupling reactions. The synthesized polymers showed good solubility in common organic solvents and enough stability for measuring a series of properties under ambient conditions. In the UV-vis absorpt...

Gallium is a trivalent semi-metallic element that has shown antimicrobial activity against several important human pathogens. This antimicrobial activity is likely related to its substitution in important iron-dependent pathways of bacteria. The genus Staphylococcus, which includes human and animal pathogens that cause significant morbidity and mortality, requires iron for growth and colonizati...

A novel application of gallium nitrate, hitherto unreported, in reducing bleeding time from an open wound is presented. Experiments performed using simple punctures in the forearm demonstrated a very substantial reduction in bleeding time when a solution of gallium nitrate was applied relative to a control. This outcome was shown to be unaffected by the anticoagulant properties of warfarin. The...

Numerous technical advances in the area of polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) have been made since their discovery in 1990 by Friend et al at Cambridge University . PLEDs are derivatives from the more commonly known LED (light emitting diode) devices. LEDs are solid-state semiconductor devices that convert electrical energy into light. They are typically used as indicator lights and numeric ...

Since 1994, the Applied Physics Laboratory has been collaborating with NASA Goddard Space Flight Center to develop photodetectors based on gallium nitride and aluminum gallium nitride material produced in the Milton S. Eisenhower Research and Technology Development Center. This article describes the results of our collaboration and highlights the development of gallium nitride photodetectors wi...

Adam J. Hauser and Fengyuan Yang Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, 191 Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (Dated: August 22, 2010) Abstract Ferromagnetic δ-phase manganese gallium layers with Mn/(Mn + Ga) = 60% have been successfully grown on ScN(001) by molecular beam epitaxy, expanding possibilities for ferromagnetic layers on nitride semiconductors. The in-plane epita...