we have studied the relation between bank deposit rates and house prices in iran. for that, we have run some var models, using the following variables: real deposit rates (including 1 and 5 years deposit rates), money supply (including the high powered money and the liquidity), gdp, housing services index, and number of licenses for new houses. our results show that a reduction in the deposit r...

These notes are concerned with one answer to a fundamental question in macroeconomics: What causes the recurrent ups and downs we call the business cycle? For years, based largely on the work of Friedman-Schwartz (A Monetary History of the United States), the emphasis in macroeconomics was on monetary theories of economic fluctuations. The Great Depression in the United States was explained by ...

T he quantity theory of money, dating back at least to the mid-sixteenthcentury Spanish Scholastic writers of the Salamanca School, is one of the oldest theories in economics. Modern students know it as the proposition stating that an exogenously given one-time change in the stock of money has no lasting effect on real variables but leads ultimately to a proportionate change in the money price ...

THE PURPOSE OF THIS NOTE is to apply an argument developed in Hülsmann (2009) to a claim used in advocacy of fractional reserve banking (FRB) under a system of free banking (that is, a system of banks lacking any formal, central control [as characterizes the state-monopolized central banking systems of the modern Western world]). Hülsmann considers the effects on the structure of production of ...

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the welfare cost of inflation in Iran. We first use the long-horizon regression approach developed by Fisher and Seater (1993) to obtain an estimate of the inflation rate elasticity of money demand and then the Baily’s consumer surplus approach to calculate the welfare cost function. The results show that reducing inflation rate from 40% to 0% increases ...

This paper proposes a nonlinear error-correction model based upon smooth transition regression methodology. The model is speci® ed such that the short-run adjustment toward long-run equilibrium is nonlinear and that the error correction is a smooth function of long-run deviation. Empirical results obtained from estimating M2 money demand in Taiwan support the hypothesis of a nonlinear error-cor...

It is well known that in the classical monetary theory, whether of the Fisherian "equation of exchange” version or the Cambridge real-balance version, the demand for money was seen strictly as a demand for transactions purposes, which in turn was exogenously determined by institutional and technological factors.1 One of the innovations which Keynes introduced into monetary theory was his explic...

in a structural time series regression model, binary variables have been used to quantify qualitative or categorical quantitative events such as politic and economic structural breaks, regions, age groups and etc. the use of the binary dummy variables is not reasonable because the effect of an event decreases (increases) gradually over time not at once. the simple and basic idea in this paper i...

In experiments subjects regularly trade off time and money at inconsistent rates, apparently becoming less sensitive to money when considering the purchase of a more-expensive item. In this paper I introduce a demand function that matches this behaviour, and derive the predictions for equilibrium market structure, and then finally discuss market evidence. The demand function is derived from a u...