RATIONALE Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2, TLR4) enable cellular responses to bacterial lipoproteins, LPS, and endogenous mediators of cell damage. They have an established role in the activation of leukocytes, endothelial cells, and some smooth muscle cell types, but their roles in airway smooth muscle are uncertain. OBJECTIVES To determine the roles of TLRs in activation of airway smooth ...

Arachidonic acid (AA), a fatty acid found in the human bone marrow plasma, is the precursor of eicosanoids that modulate bone marrow haematopoiesis. To further our understanding of the role of AA in the bone marrow physiology, we have assessed its incorporation in human bone marrow mononuclear cells. Gas chromatography analysis indicates the presence of AA in their fatty acid composition. In bo...

INTRODUCTION Oral peripheral and central giant cell granulomas are lesions with little-known etiology and pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare matrix metalloproteinases-2 and osteopontin protein expression in the multinucleated giant cells and mononuclear cells of the peripheral and central giant cell granuloma lesions. METHODS In this retrospective study, the presen...

BACKGROUND In a previous article, we showed that metformin (MET) can reduce ionizing radiation (IR) induced apoptosis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, the anti-apoptotic mechanism of MET against IR remains unclear. The present study attempts to investigate the mechanism of action of MET in limiting X-ray induced apoptosis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. MATER...

Purified mast cells derived from rat peritoneal fluids and dog mastocytomas were extracted with 1 M-NaCl and sonication techniques. The mast-cell products increased the production of mononuclear cell factor from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in culture, as judged by the enhanced stimulation of prostaglandin E (2-5 fold) and collagenase (3-11-fold) production by cultured adherent syno...

Objective: Stevioside is a natural non-caloric sweetener which has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity.  The aim of  the present study was to examine in vitro and in vivo effects of  stevioside on rats  plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α),  interleukin-1β (IL-1β), TNF-α and IL-1β release from lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P...