Seven studies demonstrate that threats to moral identity can increase how definitively people think they have previously proven their morality. When White participants were made to worry that their future behavior could seem racist, they overestimated how much a prior decision of theirs would convince an observer of their non-prejudiced character (Studies 1a-3). Ironically, such overestimation ...

background: culturally specific care requires that nursing students know, understand, and identify cultural factors related to client care, and conduct their nursing practice accordingly. the aim of this study was to identify the cultural self-efficacy of baccalaureate nursing students in a greek university. materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study, a transcultural self-efficacy too...

Social psychologists have often followed other scientists in treating religiosity primarily as a set of beliefs held by individuals. But, beliefs are only one facet of this complex and multidimensional construct. The authors argue that social psychology can best contribute to scholarship on religion by being relentlessly social. They begin with a social-functionalist approach in which beliefs, ...

Whether emotion is a source of moral judgments remains controversial. This study combined neurophysiological measures, including functional magnetic resonance imaging, eye-tracking, and pupillary response with behavioral measures assessing affective and moral judgments across age. One hundred and twenty-six participants aged between 4 and 37 years viewed scenarios depicting intentional versus a...

The increasing appeal of integrity in business may not only imply an acknowledgment that integrity has in fact all along been in short supply, but also suggest that its moral value has been short-changed into its function to increase profit. It will therefore be necessary to reconstruct the concept of integrity in light of an interpretation that takes up the various strands of meaning and ties ...

Emotivist perspectives on moral reasoning hold that emotional reactions precede propositional reasoning. Published findings indicate that, compared with health vegetarians, those who avoid meat on moral grounds are more disgusted by meat [Psychol. Sci. 8 (1997) 67]. If, as per emotivist perspectives, such disgust precedes moral rationales for meat avoidance, then the personality trait of disgus...

Roughly speaking, the moral error theory concludes that all moral utterances are false. The argument for the error theory is simple and compelling. As the standard argument goes, moral error theory requires only two premises: that moral terms refer, in some sense or other, to the world–moral sentences say something about what is the case, and that the world is not, after all, the way the moral ...

The present study compared 20 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease with 20 older controls (ages 69-94 years) on their ability to make inferences about emotions and beliefs in others. Six tasks tested their ability to make 1st-order and 2nd-order inferences as well as to offer explanations and moral evaluations of human action by appeal to emotions and beliefs. Results showed that ...

An agent's beliefs usually depend on cognitive factors, but also affective factors may play a role. This paper presents an agent model that shows how such affective effects on beliefs can emerge and become stronger over time due to experiences obtained. In this way an effect of judgment by ‘experience’ or ‘gut feeling’ can be obtained. It is shown how based on Hebbian learning a connection from...