the division of possession into a trustful and liable one is a mechanism from the legislator to define the responsibility of a person possesses the other's property. the possessor of the other's property is held responsible for the property itself and its benefits regardless of whether he has used it or not. although a trust possessor is not responsible for damages caused to the trust...

in this paper, we study the arens regularity properties of module actions and we extend some proposition from baker, dales, lau and others into general situations. we establish some relationships between the topological centers of module actions and factorization properties of them with some results in group algebras. in 1951 arens shows that the second dual of banach algebra endowed with the e...

fullerenes are closed−cage carbon molecules formed by 12 pentagonal and n/2 – 10hexagonal faces, where n is the number of carbon atoms. patrick fowler in his lecture inmcc 2009 asked about the wiener index of fullerenes in general. in this paper werespond partially to this question for an infinite class of fullerenes with exactly 10ncarbon atoms. our method is general and can be applied to full...

I study the role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in a model of endogenous growth with sequential innovation. The model mimics the innovation process in hi-tech sectors where many of the techniques and products used in R&D are recent discoveries themselves. Depending on the structure of the patent system, some of these discoveries might still be protected by a patent. In this context IPRs...

let $g$ be a group and $h$ a subgroup of $g$‎. ‎ $h$ is said to have semi-$pi$-property in $g$ if there is a subgroup $t$ of $g$ such that $g=ht$ and $hcap t$ has $pi$-property in $t$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎investigating on semi-$pi$-property of subgroups‎, ‎we shall obtain some new description of finite groups‎.

background: st. john’s wort (hypericum perforatum l.) is an important medicinal plant that has been widely used for its antidepressant properties. objective: in this study morphological characteristics variation of populations of h. perforatum were investigated. methods: in this study, different morphological characteristics of 25 h. perforatum populations in iran’s natural habitats were evalua...

effects of yeast extract (ye) (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1%) were investigated on rosmarinic acid (ra) accumulation and tyrosine aminotransferase (tat) gene expression in melissa officinalis seedlings at different time intervals (4 and 17 hours). based on the results, only ye concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2%, for the 17-hour treatment, significantly stimulated ra biosynthesis pathway. a...

during last two decades studies on endozoochorous seed dispersal indicated that a large numbers of plant seeds are potentially dispersed and suceefully germinated via animal dung. however, very little is known about the relative importance of endozoochory in germination success of plant species in semi-steppe rangelands. in this paper we examined dung germinating seed content, seed deposition p...

introduction: cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction, is associated with progressive ventricular dysfunction and cardiovascular death. the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of endurance exercise training on morphological changes in rat heart tissue following experimental myocardial infarction. materials and methods: rats used in this experiment (8-10 weeks old, 235 ± 5 g b...

background & aim: cassia angustifolia vahl is a valuable medicinal plant that it is important for constipation treatment. according to the importance of organic agriculture in increasing the yield of medicinal plants, the effect of bio-fertilizer on quantities yields of cassia angustifolia vahl or senna in karaj region (iran) was examined. experimental: this research was carried out in rand...