Neonatally thymectomized female mice were studied and compared to appropriate controls. Neonatal thymectomy appears to decrease fertility significantly in the female C3H/HeJ mouse. However, if a thymectomized female mouse becomes pregnant, pregnancy offers significant protection against wasting disease and death. The maternal thymus appears to play no significant role in the development of the ...

The closely related mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 have been implicated in the control of cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. However, the specific in vivo functions of the two ERK isoforms remain to be analysed. Here, we show that disruption of the Erk2 locus leads to embryonic lethality early in mouse development...

Zika virus (ZIKV) has evolved into a global health threat because of its unexpected causal link to microcephaly. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that contemporary epidemic strains have accumulated multiple substitutions from their Asian ancestor. Here we show that a single serine-to-asparagine substitution [Ser139→Asn139 (S139N)] in the viral polyprotein substantially increased ZIKV infectivity i...

trauma during pregnancy is remarkably common, motor vehicle crashes are cause of hospitalized trauma during pregnancy. trauma occurs in 5% of pregnancies that appropriate high proportion of maternal and fetal mortality. motor vehicle crashes, falls, assaults, including domestic violence, are all important mechanisms of injury. motor vehicle accidents account for more than 50% of all traumas dur...

vitex agnus castus (chasteberry) is a popular treatment for the management of female reproductive disorders including corpus luteum insufficiency, premenstrual syndrome (pms), menopausal symptoms, and insufficient milk production. according to developing situation of complementary medicine, and frequent use of this herb, it is important to examine its effects during pregnancy. in this research ...

in mammals, the intrauterine condition has an important role in the development of fetal physiological systems in later life. suboptimal maternal environment can alter the regulatory pathways that determine the normal development of the fetus in utero, which in post-natal life may render the individual more susceptible to cardiovascular or metabolic adult-life diseases. changes in the intrauter...

in pregnant mothers maternal diabetes happens when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin, soblood glucose increases in the mother and then in the fetus, resulting in several injuries in neonates. thisstudy was conducted to evaluate the effects of maternal diabetes on fetal cerebrum. sixteen adult female rats were divided in two equal groups. diabetes was induced in one group by alloxan. bo...

background: this study aimed to compare the cytochrome p450 1a1 (cyp1a1) gene expression in the cord blood of infants born from mothers living in low- and high-air polluted areas. materials and methods: te study was conducted in spring 2012 in isfahan, the second large and air-polluted city in iran. the study comprised 60 neonates, consisting of 30 infants born from mothers residing in areas wi...

introduction a heart tumor in children is rare and the most primary tumor of the heart is rhabdomyoma. we report a case of cardiac mass diagnosed at 32th weeks of pregnancy while the mother had gestational diabetes mellitus. serial echocardiography revealed regression of the tumor; then follow up of the patient confirmed tuberous sclerosis.

the aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of multiple inherited thrombophilic gene variations in women with unexplained spontaneous abortions. for this purpose, the factor v leiden (fvl) (rs6025), prothrombin g20210a (rs1799963), mthfr c677t (rs1801133), pai-1 4g/5g (rs1799889), ace i/d (rs1799752), enos e298d (rs1799983), and apo e e2/e3/e4 (rs429358) polymorphisms were genoty...