Abstract Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key cytokine across homeostasis, health, and disease. However, the role of TNF often dichotomous in that it critical for protective anti-microbial anti-tumour responses, yet also major player immune dysfunction immune-related pathology. Surprisingly, while effects on myeloid responses are well studied, how impacts lymphocyte to be elucidated. This parti...

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mediate the development of numerous infl ammatory lung diseases. Since IL-1β is typically activated in situations where TNF-α is produced, it was hypothesized that IL-1β alters TNF-α–induced proinfl ammatory epithelial cell function by altering TNF receptor shedding and surface abundance. In this study, the impact of IL-1β on TNF-α–medi...

TNFplays an important role in immune regulation, inflammation, and autoimmunity. Chronic TNF exposure has been shown to downmodulate T cell responses. In a mouse T cell hybridoma model, TNF attenuated T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. We have confirmed that chronic TNF and anti-TNF exposure suppressed and increased T cell responses, respectively. In adult TCR (BDC2.5) transgenic nonobese diabeti...

To examine the hypothesis that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) a is an essential cytokine in carcinogenesis, we conducted two-stage carcinogenesis experiments with an initiator, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), plus either of two tumor promoters, okadaic acid and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol13-acetate (TPA), on the skin of TNF-a-deficient (TNF) mice. TNF mice treated with DMBA plus okadaic acid ...

This study tested the ability of lactoferrin to modulate pulmonary inflammation. To construct in vitro and vivo inflammatory lung models, cells from human adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) were exposed lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 µg/mL), mice (CD-1) intratracheally administered LPS [10 mg/kg body weight (BW), tracheal lumen injection], respectively. The A549 preincubated with (10 mg/mL), intraperi...

Studies in mouse infection models clearly demonstrate tumour necrosis factor (TNF) to be a critical component of both the antibacterially protective and the inflammatory immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is therefore not surprising that treatment of patients-for example, those with rheumatoid arthritis-with biological agents interfering with TNF activity have shown an increased ...

In this study, we developed a real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to study cytochrome P450 (CYP) mRNA regulation by cytokines in mouse liver. The method combines standard RT-PCR with a fluorogenic probe in which the intensity of fluorescence is proportional to the amount of target template present. We show that this method provides very rapid, ...