Directing to the high cost of computer simulation optimization problem, Kriging surrogate model is widely used to decrease the computation time. Since the sequential Kriging optimization is time consuming, this article extends the expected improvement and put forwards a modified sequential Kriging optimization (MSKO). This method changes the twice optimization problem into once by adding more t...

Sensitivity analysis of capital investments can be effectively carried out by employing a metamodel approach and experimental designs. Although polynomial regression metamodels are popular and straightforward, they do not consider spatial relationships among the data. Dual kriging is an estimation technique that allows the incorporation of spatial correlation into the interpolation or estimatio...

Because bottom substrate composition is an important control on the temporal and spatial location of the aquatic community, accurate maps of benthic habitats of inland lakes and reservoirs provide valuable information to managers, recreational users, and scientists. Therefore, we collected vertical, split-beam sonar data (roughness [E1], hardness [E2], and bathymetry) and sediment samples to ma...

A space–time functional form for some contaminants is obtained and used for estimating total air pollution (TAP) in the district of Milan, Italy, during selected high-risk days of 1999. This functional form is determined through a space–time product–sum variogram model for TAP measurements and the dual form of kriging, i.e., radial basis functions. Data for nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (...

ABSTRACT Decision makers will in an emergency situation often be interested in predictions of harmful environmental variables relative to a certain threshold. We are therefore examining the robustness of different methods which are supposed to give unbiased estimates relative to such a threshold, both for point predictions and areal averages. We are also interested in exceedance probabilities. ...

Kriging is a spatial interpolation algorithm which provides the best unbiased linear prediction of an observed phenomena by taking a weighted average of samples within a neighbourhood. It is widely used in areas such as geo-statistics where, for example, it may be used to predict the quality of mineral deposits in a location based on previous sample measurements. Kriging has been identified as ...

Ionospheric delay effect is a critical issue that limits the accuracy of precise Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning and navigation for single-frequency users, especially in mid- and low-latitude regions where variations in the ionosphere are larger. Kriging spatial interpolation techniques have been recently introduced to model the spatial correlation and variability of ionos...

A classification strategy which does not require a priori assumptions about the statistical distribution of training pixels in each class is proposed. This method uses an indicator kriging approach in feature space to classify remotely sensed images incorporating both spectral and textural information of bands. Texture information is used only in cases where spectral information is not sufficie...

A Bayesian model coupled with a fuzzy neural network (BFNN) is developed to alleviate the difficulty of using geophysical data in lithology estimation when cross correlation between lithology and geophysical attributes is nonlinear. The prior estimate is inferred from borehole lithology measurements using indicator kriging based on spatial correlation, and the posterior estimate is obtained fro...