Abstract Background Simultaneous infection with multiple malaria parasite strains is common in high transmission areas. Quantifying the number of per host, or multiplicity (MOI), provides additional indices for assessing levels but it challenging to measure accurately current tools. This paper presents new laboratory and analytical methods estimating MOI Plasmodium falciparum . Methods Based on...

The Multiplicity conjecture of Herzog, Huneke, and Srinivasan states an upper bound for the multiplicity of any graded k-algebra as well as a lower bound for Cohen-Macaulay algebras. In this note we extend this conjecture in several directions. We discuss when these bounds are sharp, find a sharp lower bound in case of not necessarily arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay one-dimensional schemes of 3-s...