Abstract In the classical contamination models, such as gross-error (Huber and Tukey model or case-wise contamination), observations are considered units to be identified outliers not. This is very useful when number of variables moderately small. Alqallaf et al. (Ann Stat 37(1):311–331, 2009) show limits this approach for a larger introduced independent (cell-wise contamination) where now cell...

This study aims to classify the high school students’ attitudes towards Mathematics and Geometry courses with exploratory factor analysis cluster determine whether there is a difference between several variables determined using t-test. For this purpose, 1265 students were selected from 8 schools in Antalya province by random sampling method they asked respond survey form given them. The collec...