The aims of this study were to determine if there were any differences in the thickness of the lip levator musculature in men and women, and whether the height of the smile line in adults was related to the thickness of the lip levator musculature. Thirty Caucasian (13 males, 17 females), and 24 Asian (11 males, 13 females) undergraduate dental students participated in this study. The subjects ...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to identify the imbalance of muscle recruitment in cervical flexor muscles during the craniocervical flexion test by using ultrasonography and to propose the optimal level of pressure in clinical craniocervical flexion exercise for people with neck pain. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 18 students (9 males and 9 females) with neck pain at D University i...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to verify the efficacy of a pelvic floor muscle exercise program by comparing subjects' muscle thickness with changes in vaginal pressure. [Subjects] Two groups of female participants without a medical history of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction were evaluated. The mean age of Group I was 33.5 years and that of Group II was 49.69 years. [Methods] The parti...

[Purpose] This study investigated the effect of unstable surface trunk stabilization exercise on the abdominal muscle structure and balance of stroke patients. [Subjects] The subjects were divided into two groups: an unstable surface trunk stabilization exercise group (n=13), and a stable surface trunk stabilization exercise group (n=11). [Methods] Both groups performed trunk stabilization exer...

Osteoporosis in Hemiplegia • Localized osteoporosis in 25 long-term stroke patients was evaluated by means of measuring the combined cortical thickness in the humerus, radius and third metacarpal bones of both involved and noninvolved upper extremities. The combined cortical thickness was found to be consistently smaller on the involved side. Since the factors of weight bearing and calcium home...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of bridging exercise on different support surfaces on the thickness of the musculus transversus abdominis and lower extremity muscle activities. [Subjects] Thirty-five students of H University. [Methods] The experimental group (n=18) performed bridging exercise on the sling support surface, and the control group (n=17) performed br...

Andrade SF, Skiba GH, Krueger E, Rodacki, AF. Effects of Electrostimulation with Blood Flow Restriction on Muscle Thickness and Strength of the Soleus. JEPonline 2016;19(3):59-69. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) to increase soleus muscle size and strength. Seven untra...