In biand multilateral interactions, parties frequently make weak commitments, i.e., commitments to future actions from which they may nonetheless deviate at some cost. For example, partners in a strategic alliance usually increase their mutual commitment step by step, where intermediate stages imply only a weak commitment. This paper proposes a new mechanism by which weak commitments lead to im...

We consider a model in which players can form links between themselves under mutual agreement, and the set of all pairwise agreements is called a cooperation structure. We stress that we are particularly interested to the case when some players are antagonistic, i.e., that they are separately “desirable” for someone, but “undesirable” when they are together. We define a class of preferences tha...

We consider the possibility that cooperation in a prisoner’s dilemma is fostered by people’s voluntarily enhancement of their own vulnerability. The vulnerability of a player determines the effectiveness of possible punishment by the other. In the “Gradual” mechanism, players may condition their incremental enhancements of their vulnerability on the other’s choices. In the “Leap” mechanism, the...

The need for public:assistance among children whose fathers are dead has been materially reduced in recent years by old-age and survivors insurance. No comparable resource is available for children whose parents are divorced, separated, or unmarried and who, as a result, now make up the majority of those receiving aid to dependent children. Because of the widespread interest in the problem, a s...

The “16+1” format has become one of the most debated regional collaboration frameworks developed within “Belt and Road” Initiative (B&R). is still into political agenda despite fact that some Eastern European countries have questioned its reasonability since other are ready to continue expanding opportunities for win-win relations. scope interactions mechanism organized around 3 axes: trade...

In "Just Health", Norman Daniels makes a strong argument for obligations of mutual assistance to fulfill the right to health at the national level and challenges readers to develop arguments supporting obligations of mutual assistance at the global level. In this paper, we argue that there is global responsibility for global health and that there are obligations of justice (beyond charity) to h...