Bats are reservoir animals harboring many important pathogenic viruses and with the capability of transmitting these to humans and other animals. To establish an effective surveillance to monitor transboundary spread of bat viruses between Myanmar and China, complete organs from the thorax and abdomen from 853 bats of six species from two Myanmar counties close to Yunnan province, China, were c...

Background/Aims Differences in the Helicobacter pylori infection rate are not sufficient to clarify the dissimilarity of gastric cancer incidence between Myanmar and its neighboring countries. To better understand this trend, the H. pylori virulence gene cagA was characterized in Myanmar. Methods Glutamate-proline-isoleucine-tyrosine-alanine (EPIYA) patterns and CagA multimerization (CM) moti...

This study was undertaken to compare cost-effectiveness of three drug regimes for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Myanmar. The alternative regimens in this study were chloroquine (CQ), sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and mefloquine (MFQ) along with their therapeutic efficacy in Myanmar. The study was performed by modeling a clinical decision tree based on a hypothetical 1,000 a...

Approximately 70 % of Myanmar’s population resides in rural areas, and most households rely on forest resources for their livelihood. Characterizing patterns resource utilization by forest-dependent people is critically important developing strategies to mitigate degradation deforestation as well conservation Myanmar. We reviewed the socioeconomic aspects non-timber product (NTFP) Myanmar evalu...

We explore the magnitude of and current trends in HIV infection among people who inject drugs and estimate the reach of harm reduction interventions among them in seven high-burden countries of the South-East Asia Region. Our data are drawn from the published and unpublished literature, routine national HIV serological and behavioural surveillance surveys and information from key informants. Si...

Although human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 is the cause of cervical cancer in most countries including Japan, the involvement of cervical cancer with HPV types in Mongolian and Myanmar populations is largely unknown. We examined the expression of HPV in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded cervical tissues from 40 Japanese, 32 Mongolian, and 30 Myanmar cervical cancer patients. We performed immunoh...

Myanmar is a developing country with considerable humanitarian needs, rendering its pursuit of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) an especially high priority. Yet progress to date remains under-examined on key fronts. Particularly within the three health-related MDGs (MDGs 4, 5, and 6), the limited data reported point to patchy levels of achievement. This study was undertaken to provide an...

With the passage of time the impacts of natural hazards continue to increase around the world. The globalization and growth of human societies and their escalating complexity and river flooding will further increase the risks of natural hazards. Flood prediction and control are one of the greatest challenges facing the world today, which have become more frequent and severe due to the effects o...

In recent years, ASEAN has been accelerating its efforts to establish the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) by 2015. As a member of ASEAN, Myanmar has a mandate to implement a number of policy reforms, as agreed to in the AEC Blueprint. Key reforms include trade liberalization and facilitation in accordance with the ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA), investment liberalization and facilitation...