Although traditional roles ascribed to myelinating glial cells are structural and supportive, the importance of compact myelin for proper functioning of the nervous system can be inferred from mutations in myelin proteins and neuropathologies associated with loss of myelin. Myelinating Schwann cells are known to affect local properties of peripheral axons (de Waegh et al., 1992), but little is ...

Since myelination and remyelination both involve investing an axon with a myelin sheath, a plausible hypothesis is that the two processes involve the expression of similar transcription factors. In this study we have addressed this hypothesis by comparing the expression of messenger RNA of Gtx, a homeodomain transcription factor expressed within oligodendrocytes during myelination, with the exp...

The fact that central nerve tissue is encephalitogenic has been known since the observation of a post-injection reaction of some rabies victims to the Pasteur vaccine that contained nerve tissue (Brostoff, 1977). Subsequently the encephalitogenic agent in central nerve tissue was traced to a component of the myelin sheath, and a protein was finally isolated that in the presence of complete Freu...

Changes in myelin ultrastructure under experimental Parkinsonism the tissues of medulla oblongata and striatum were performed induced by rotenone administration 30 adult rats Wistar line. Clinico-electromyographic studies on patients with Parkinson's disease a stage 2.0 -3.0 (Hoehn a. Yahr). Efficacy Cerebrolysin has been shown to correct abnormalities elucidate effect muscle reflex response ir...

Degeneration of the myelin sheath in areas of the central nervous system is a characteristic feature of multiple sclerosis (Adams, 1977; Davison, 1978). The processes that cause this degradation of myelin during the course of the disease are not yet fully defined though the involvement of invading inflammatory cells is likely (Wisniewski, 1977). Any discussion on how the myelin sheath is attack...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A hyperintense rim on susceptibility in chronic MS lesions is consistent with iron deposition, and the purpose of this study was to quantify iron-related myelin damage within these lesions as compared with those without rim. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-six patients had 2 longitudinal quantitative susceptibility mapping with automatic zero reference scans with a mean int...

Myelin provides the electrical insulation for the central and peripheral nervous system and develops rapidly in the first years of life, but continues into mid-life or later. Myelin integrity is vital to healthy nervous system development and functioning. This review outlines the development of myelin through life, and then considers the evidence for an association between myelin integrity and ...

The myelin sheath insulates axons and allows for rapid salutatory conduction in the nervous system of all vertebrates. The formation of peripheral myelin requires expression of the transcription factor Egr2, which is responsible for inducing such essential myelin-associated genes as Mpz, Mbp, Pmp22, and Mag. Using microarray analysis to compare gene expression patterns in peripheral nerve durin...

This report describes a new modification of the Gallyas method for staining myelin in fixed brain tissue and compares results of multiple myelin-visualizing techniques in normal common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), normal macaque monkey (Macaca mulatta), and a human with multiple sclerosis. The new modification involves immersion in 10% formalin following impregnation in ammoniacal silver nitr...