It has been shown (1, 2) that in human milk there are N-acetyl-n-glucosamine-containing oligosaccharides which promote the growth of Lactobacillus bifidus var. Penn. In the search for substances with lower molecular weight which would still show a growth-promoting effect in the microbiological test, activity was found in mildly hydrolyzed chitin of crab and lobster shells,’ in P-methyl N-acetyl...