The majority of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are characterized by loss of function of the tumor suppressor gene von Hippel Lindau (VHL), which acts as ubiquitin ligase for hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). In the absence of VHL, HIF-1α protein becomes stabilized and contributes to tumorigenesis. Recent data demonstrate the antitumor efficacy of VHL promoter in RCC cells. This study demonstr...

Transcriptional regulatory networks are essential during the formation and differentiation of organs. The transcription factor N-myc is required for proper morphogenesis of the cochlea and to control correct patterning of the organ of Corti. We show here that the Otx2 gene, a mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila orthodenticle homeobox gene, is a crucial target of N-myc during inner ear developm...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant clinical challenge with few therapeutic options. Genomic amplification and/or overexpression of the MYC oncogene is a common molecular event in HCC, thus making it an attractive target for drug therapy. Unfortunately, currently there are no direct drug therapies against MYC. As an alternative strategy, microRNAs regulated by MYC may be downst...

Abstract Common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) in the bone marrow give rise to both T and B cells, but mechanisms underpinning downstream cell fate decisions have yet be fully elucidated. We identified N-Myc Downstream Regulated Gene 3 (NDRG3) - a highly conserved regulator of Wnt/B-catenin signaling as novel lymphocyte substrate Akt kinase. To determine effect NDRG3 phosphorylation, hematopoietic...

Repeated stressful events are known to be associated with onset of depression. Further, stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system by elevating plasma cortisol levels. However, little is known about the related downstream molecular pathway. In this study, by using repeated water-immersion and restraint stress (WIRS) as a stressor for mice, we attempted to elucidate ...

myc and N-myc are related genes whose similar protein products may be used for different purposes in vertebrate organisms. We have explored this possibility by using hybridization in situ to examine the expression of myc and N-myc during gastrulation of mouse embryos. Throughout gastrulation, myc RNA was most abundant in extraembryonic cells; by contrast, N-myc RNA was found at highest levels i...