We develop and test a catering theory of nominal stock prices. The theory predicts that managers set share prices at lower levels when investors place higher valuations on low-price firms and at higher levels when investors favor high-price firms. Using several measures of time-varying catering incentives based on valuation ratios, split announcement effects, and future returns, we find empiric...

BACKGROUND Numerous studies have found that areas with higher alcohol establishment density are more likely to have higher violent crime rates, but many of these studies did not assess the differential effects of type of establishments or the effects on multiple categories of crime. In this study, we assess whether alcohol establishment density is associated with 4 categories of violent crime a...

I . INTRODUCTION Estimators of the variance of estimators of total or mean using auxil iary information under a one primary sampling unit (PSU) per stratum sample design have been proposed by several authors. Under a one PSU per stratum sample design, the most common variance estimator of the usual estimator of total is the collapsed stratum variance estimator (Cochran (1977)) which has positiv...

OBJECTIVE Creative class theory explains the positive relationship between the arts and commercial innovation as the mutual attraction of artists and other creative workers by an unobserved creative milieu. This study explores alternative theories for rural settings, by analyzing establishment-level survey data combined with data on the local arts scene. The study identifies the local contextua...

SAD_BaSe is a blood bank data analysis software, created to assist in the management of blood donations and the blood production chain in blood establishments. In particular, the system keeps track of several collection and production indicators, enables the definition of collection and production strategies, and the measurement of quality indicators required by the Quality Management System re...

Wood products employment stability (defined as year-to-year variation) was examined as a function of establishment size (grouped by number of employees). Smalland medium-sized establishments were consistently found to be more stable than large establishments. Comparison of Washington, Oregon, the United States, and Japan showed that the relationship between establishment size and employment sta...

This paper describes the development and t esting of an agent-based micro-simulation of the evolution of individual 'business establishments' in a spatial economic system. The simulation uses comparatively simple, yet behavioural, rules and probabilistic models, using a Monte Carlo process to simulate behaviour from the probabilistic models. Establishments are represented by their consumption o...

Existing evidence linking residential proximity to food establishments with body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/ height (m)) has been inconclusive. In this study, the authors assessed the relation between BMI and proximity to food establishments over a 30-year period among 3,113 subjects in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort living in 4 Massachusetts towns during 1971–2001. The authors u...