What inflation rate should the central bank target? We address determinacy issues related to this question in a two-sector model in which prices can differ in equilibrium. We assume that the degree of nominal price stickiness can vary across the sectors and that labor is immobile. The contribution of this paper is to demonstrate that a modified Taylor Principle holds in this environment. If the...

According to Wardrop’s first principle, agents in a congested network choose their routes selfishly, a behavior that is captured by the Nash equilibrium of the underlying noncooperative game. A Nash equilibrium does not optimize any global criterion per se, and so there is no apparent reason why it should be close to a solution of minimal total travel time, i.e. the system optimum. In this pape...

We introduce a framework of electoral competition in which voters have general preferences over candidates’ characteristics and policies. Candidates’ immutable characteristics (such as gender, race or previously committed policy positions) are exogenously differentiated, while candidates can choose any policy for the remaining issues to maximize their winning probability. Voters have general pr...

Prediction of highly non-linear behaviour of suspended sediment flow in rivers is of prime importance in environmental studies and watershed management. In this study, the predictive performance of artificial neural network (ANN) integrated with genetic algorithm (GA) was assessed. GA was used to optimize the parameters and architecture of the ANN. Five simulation scenarios (S1–S5) were develop...

UNLABELLED In uncontrolled clinical studies, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) had a beneficial effect on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, a large controlled trial using UDCA (13-15 mg/kg/day) was unable to confirm these results. Accordingly, a randomized, placebo-controlled study was initiated with a high dose of UDCA (23-28 mg/kg/day). The allocation of patients and the evaluation of l...

In this article, a new fractional order one–country game model (OCGM) with distinct incidence is explored. We propose a mathematical system to model this situation. All the feasible equilibria of the system are obtained and the conditions for the existence of the interior equilibrium are determined. The basic reproduction numbers R0 = β (α+1)(γ+μ) and R∗ 0 = E rv are found. It is shown that the...

An individual’s learning rule is completely uncoupled if it does not depend directly on the actions or payoffs of anyone else. We propose a variant of log linear learning that is completely uncoupled and that selects an efficient (welfare-maximizing) pure Nash equilibrium in all generic n-person games that possess at least one pure Nash equilibrium. In games that do not have such an equilibrium...

background: nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (nash), a progressive stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld), is characterized by steatosis with inflammation. investigations have suggested that oxidative stress may play an important role in the progress of nafld to nash. to provide further insights into beneficial effects of antioxidants in nash prevention, we employed two manganese-superox...