Titi monkeys (Callicebus cupreus) are a monogamous, New World primate. Adult pair-mates form a bidirectional social bond and offspring form a selective unidirectional bond to their father. Some of the neurobiology involved in social bonds and maternal behavior is similar to the neural circuitry involved in nonsocial reward. Due to these overlapping mechanisms, social states may affect responses...

Developmental stress can significantly influence physiology and survival in many species. Mammalian studies suggest that pre- and post-natal stress can have different effects (i.e. hyper- or hypo-responsiveness) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the main mediator of the stress response. In mammals, the physiological intimacy between mother and offspring constrains the possibilit...

Serotonin Modulates the Maturation of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus: Relevance to the Etiology of Emotional and Cognitive Behaviors Tahilia Jay Rebello Increasing evidence suggests that anxiety and depression disorders have neurodevelopmental roots, with a strong case for early-life serotonergic dysfunction in their ontogeny. For instance, disrupting serotonergic tone during crit...

We investigated dispersal patterns in the monogamous Crocidura russula, based both on direct field observations (mark-recapture data) and on genetic analyses (microsatellite loci). Natal dispersal was found to be low. Most juveniles settled within their natal territory or one immediately adjacent. Migration rate was estimated to two individuals per year and per population. The correlation betwe...

One hundred and fifty years after the discovery of Neanderthals, it is held that this morphologically and genetically distinct human species does not differ from modern Homo sapiens in its craniofacial ontogenetic trajectory after the early post-natal period. This is striking given the evident morphological differences between these species, since it implies that all of the major differences ar...

Elisângela Franco de Oliveira Cavalcante1, Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da Silva2, Marcelly Santos Cossi3, Flávio César Bezerra da Silva4, Cleonice Andrea Alves Cavalcante5 1 Nurse, PhD in Nursing from the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC. Professor at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN. Natal, RN, Brasil. 2 Nurse, PhD in Nursing from the Universidade Federal de ...

In recent years increasing stress lias been laid by speakers and writers 011 the importance of ante-natal care in the preventive aspect of obstetrics, and it has come to be believed that by such means the great majority of obstetric emergencies can be avoided. That this is not fact has been the cause of many discussions on such subjects as " Why are we dissatisfied with the results of ante-nata...

in general, estuaries may be classified variously according to inlet dynamics, geomorphology orwhether they are tide or river dominated or, on a combination of all three factors. in kwazulu-natal (kzn),south africa, the four recognised estuary types are temporary opened-closed estuaries (toces), permanently opened estuaries, estuarine lakes and river mouths. since physico-chemical parameters ar...