At the Post-Cold War Era, western cultural hegemony came under question, and was replaced by cultural diversity. Cultural diversity is likely to result in cultural relativism, and might, as Huntington said, cause competition and clash among all civilizations, which will in turn lead to a global cultural crisis. Cultural crisis in China has changed with the period of time, and has not broken awa...

Researchers disagree over the definition, measurement, and expected political consequences of American patriotism, a situation that is fueled by the absence of a strong theoretical research foundation. We develop and evaluate a new measure of national attachment that is grounded in social identity theory (Tajfel and Turner 1979), drawing on data from three distinct sources: two studies of under...

This article studies the joking relationships among the Scandinavian countries, Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Based on joke collections from books? the Internet and other sources, we find that Danes tell jokes about the Norwegians and Swedes, while Norwegians and Swedes tell jokes about each other, but not about the Danes. In general, the Danes tell jokes in which the butt, or object, of the joke...

This coda aims to reflect on the enduring importance of cities in Scotland’s sense identity, and open up some contemporary issues relating future as a nation. We also outline here perspectives for further research study.