Locus ceruleus (LC)-supplied norepinephrine (NE) suppresses neuroinflammation in the brain. To elucidate the effect of LC degeneration and subsequent NE deficiency on Alzheimer's disease pathology, we evaluated NE effects on microglial key functions. NE stimulation of mouse microglia suppressed Abeta-induced cytokine and chemokine production and increased microglial migration and phagocytosis o...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to provide new insight into common barriers to the availability and use of nutrition education (NE) resources in Head Start preschool programs based on administrator and teacher perceptions. METHODS In-depth, semistructured phone interviews (n = 63) were conducted with administrators (n = 31) and teachers (n = 32) from North Carolina-based Head Start pr...

The nuclear envelope (NE) is a double membrane system enclosing the genome of eukaryotes. Besides nuclear pore proteins, which form channels at the NE, nuclear membranes are populated by a collection of NE proteins that perform various cellular functions. However, in contrast to well-conserved nuclear pore proteins, known NE proteins share little homology between opisthokonts and plants. Recent...

This study examined the patterns of imagery use and motivational selfdetermination, and the relationships between them in regular exercisers (RE), nonexercisers who intend to exercise (NE-I), and non-exercisers who do not intend to exercise (NE-N). A survey was conducted through the random sampling of a large population. The NE-N group reported using the same amount of imagery as the other 2 gr...

1 Abstract Abstract Neutrophil granulocytes are one of the first lines of defense of the mammalian innate immune system against invading microorganisms. In response to inflammatory stimuli, neutrophils migrate from the blood stream to infected tissues where they bind, engulf and inactivate microorganisms efficiently. Human neutrophil elastase (NE), a neutrophil granule component, is a key host ...

Trieloff et al. (1) provided neon isotope data to argue that mantle neon originates as a trapped component in meteorites rather than having a pristine solar composition. That finding, if true, has important consequences for understanding the mechanism of volatile input into the mantle, because it rules out models involving direct incorporation of solar gases. The main argument that Trieloff et ...

ATP and serotonin (5-HT) are neurotransmitters secreted from taste bud receptor (type II) and presynaptic (type III) cells, respectively. Norepinephrine (NE) has also been proposed to be a neurotransmitter or paracrine hormone in taste buds. Yet, to date, the specific stimulus for NE release in taste buds is not well understood, and the identity of the taste cells that secrete NE is not known. ...