In this paper, a new structure of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with large negative dispersion is presented in order to compensate the positive at wavelength 1.55 μm. The proposed PCF has square lattice structure. basic cladding, it consists four rings, so that each ring number circular holes. final structure, two inner rings cladding are reshaped relative outer rings. first near core stellar ...

<p><span>This paper has clarified the conventional silica doped (SiGeO2) and aluminum fluoride (AlF3) fibers for low loss minimum dispersion effects upgrading fiber-optic communication systems. The total with losses are modeled both fibers. Fiber bandwidth power received estimated based on different dopant ratios. spectral thermal applied study assured negative of increasing ambient...

As a new cement-matrix composite material, fiber-reinforced concrete performs excellently in freeze–thaw resistance, tensile and seepage resistance. Since resistivity can be used to evaluate the performance of concrete, basalt–polypropylene (BPFRC) was investigated this study. Various parameters such as fiber type, content, water–binder ratio were also analyzed. The BPFRC tested by an improved ...

for a fiber optical surface plasmon resonance (spr) sensor a short part of its cladding should be removed to coat a thin layer of a metal. usually this is problematic when an optical fiber with small core diameter is used. in this paper, a new method using µliter droplet of the hf acid for short fiber optical taper fabrication is reported. using this method in a multi-mode optical fiber with th...

objective: this study carried out to monitor the status of nutritional management and measuring difference between present and desired feeding system in dairy cattle of rural conditions of chaharmahal and bakhtiari. methods: 334 rural flocks consisting of 1442 dairy cows were selected from seven towns of this province. the experiment was lasted for in a year and using completely randomized desi...

in this research work, the effects of natural fibers such as date palm fiber (df) and jute fiber (jf) on bending properties of polypropylene (pp)/ ethylene–propylene–diene–monomer (epdm) thermoplastic elastomers are investigated. for this purpose, the date palm and jute fibers at five levels of fiber weight fractions (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 wt. %) are utilized during composite fabrication. maleic ...