We will use commutators to provide decompositions of 3×3 matrices as sums whose terms satisfy some polynomial identities, and we apply them bounded linear operators endomorphisms free modules infinite rank. In particular it is proved that every operator an infinite-dimensional complex Hilbert space a sum four automorphisms order 3 simple ring obtained quotient the endomorphism vector modulo its...

Generalization, also called anti-unification, is the dual of unification. A generalizer two terms t and $t^{\prime }$ a term \prime which are substitution instances. The most general equational unifiers that least generalizers, i.e., specific anti-instances modulo equations. In previous work, we extended classical untyped generalization algorithm to: (1) an order-sorted typed setting with sorts...

An l-group G is an abelian group equipped with a translation invariant lattice order. Baker and Beynon proved that G is finitely generated projective iff it is finitely presented. A unital l-group is an l-group G with a distinguished order unit, i.e., an element 0 ≤ u ∈ G whose positive integer multiples eventually dominate every element of G. While every finitely generated projective unital l-...

Abstract Every finite subunital of any generalized hermitian unital is itself a unital; the embedding given by an quadratic field extensions. In particular, with one (i.e., it originates from separable extension).

Let A be a unital separable C∗-algebra and B = C ⊗ K, where C is a unital C∗-algebra. Let τ : A → M(B)/B be a weakly unital full essential extensions of A by B. We show that there is a bijection between a quotient group of K0(B) onto the set of strong unitary equivalence classes of weakly unital full essential extensions σ such that [σ] = [τ ] in KK(A,B). Consequently, when this group is zero, ...

For any nite volume hyperbolic 3-manifold M we use ideal tri-angulation to deene an invariant (M) in the Bloch group B(C). It actually lies in the subgroup of B(C) determined by the invariant trace eld of M. The Chern-Simons invariant of M is determined modulo rationals by (M). This implies rationality and | assuming the Ramakrishnan conjecture | ir-rationality results for Chern Simons invariants.

Abstract. In this paper we give a geometrical interpretation of an extension of mixed Hodge structures (MHS) obtained from the canonical MHS on the group ring of the fundamental group of a hyperelliptic curve modulo the fourth power of its augmentation ideal. We show that the class of this extension coincides with the regulator image of a canonical higher cycle in a hyperelliptic jacobian. This...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with zero-divisor set $z(r)$. the total graph of $r$, denoted by$t(gamma(r))$, is the simple (undirected) graph with vertex set  $r$ where two distinct vertices areadjacent if their sum lies in $z(r)$.this work considers minimum zero-sum $k$-flows for $t(gamma(r))$.both for $vert rvert$ even and the case when $vert rvert$ is odd and $z(g)$ is an ideal of $r$it is s...