CONTEXT Neostigmine extends the duration of analgesia produced by caudal bupivacaine in children. AIMS To study the effect of different doses of caudal neostigmine on the duration of postoperative analgesia. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A randomized, double-blind study was conducted in 120 boys aged 1-12 years undergoing urethroplasty under combined general and caudal anesthesia. MATERIALS AND MET...

BACKGROUND Sugammadex is a novel neuromuscular reversal agent, but its associated hypersensitivity reaction and high cost have been obstacles to its widespread use. In the interest of reducing the necessary dosage of sugammadex, the reversal time of the combined use of sugammadex and neostigmine from moderate neuromuscular blockade were investigated. METHODS The patients enrolled ranged in ag...

Patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) often have associated ventilatory muscle involvement. It is not known whether patients with isolated ocular muscle involvement have identifiable involvement of their ventilatory muscles. Most studies have assessed muscle involvement by measuring muscle strength; however, we hypothesized that measures of ventilatory muscle endurance may be more se...

BACKGROUND Cough on emergence has been reported as a common adverse reaction with sugammadex reversal. We investigated if staggering the dose of sugammadex will reduce emergence cough in a single-center, randomized, double-blinded study. METHODS A hundred and twenty ASA 1-3 adults were randomly reversed with 1 mg/kg sugammadex prior to extubation followed by another 1 mg/kg immediately after ...

Application of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) along with EAA) receptor antagonists produces gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor-dependent synchronized activity in interneurons. This results in waves of activity propagating through upper cortical layers. Because interneurons in the neocortex are excited by nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, ACh may influence synchronization of these...

Vascular blood vessels have various types of cholinergic acetylcholine receptors (AChR), but the source of ACh has not been confirmed. Perivascular adrenergic nerves and nonadrenergic calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-containing (CGRPergic) nerves innervate rat mesenteric arteries and regulate vascular tone. However, function of cholinergic innervation remains unknown. The present study in...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare neostigmine-induced reversal of vecuronium in normal weight, overweight and obese female patients. METHODS In total, 15 each of normal weight (18.5or=30) patients were enrolled. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with fentanyl, propofol and nitrous oxide. Neuromuscular block was induc...