We show that (i) different collateral requirements across countries in securitized markets lead to net international capital flows, and (ii) the ability to tranche asset-backed securities in one country leads to offsetting portfolio flows, creating gross financial flows. We use a general equilibrium model with two countries, collateralized borrowing, and securitized markets. Financial systems d...

In this paper, we analyze the stability of XCP (eXplicit Control Protocol) in a network with heterogeneous XCP flows (i.e., XCP flows with different propagation delays). Specifically, we model a network with heterogeneous XCP flows using fluid-flow approximation. We then derive the conditions that XCP control parameters should satisfy for stable XCP operation. Furthermore, through several numer...

This paper examines the impact of uncertain capital flows on growth to a group of 60 developing countries during the 1990s. We distinguish between total capital flows, official capital flows and private capital flows. For the three types of capital flows we derive a yearly uncertainty measure. We use the yearly uncertainty measures in ordinary least squares estimates, as well as system GMM esti...

In this thesis, a stateless active queue management algorithm called “PUNSI” which aims to achieve fair bandwidth allocation in congested routers is proposed. This algorithm prevents unresponsive flows from dominating available bandwidth shared with responsive flows by penalizing packets from unresponsive flows hopefully with a higher probability than those from responsive flows. It is motivate...

The tame flows are “nice” flows on “nice” spaces. The nice (tame) sets are the pfaffian sets introduced by Khovanski, and a flow Φ : R×X → X on pfaffian set X is tame if the graph of Φ is a pfaffian subset of R×X×X . Any compact tame set admits plenty tame flows. We prove that the flow determined by the gradient of a generic real analytic function with respect to a generic real analytic metric ...

This paper exploits a survey of manufacturing firms in five transitioning countries to evaluate the factors that affect whether or not information on contractual disputes between firms is disseminated to other market participants. We find that these reputation flows are channeled both through informal communication among firms as well as through third party organizations; in addition, they are ...

Those who have played with sand on the beach or with sugar in their kitchen are aware that a collection of solid grains can behave macroscopically like a liquid and flow. However, the description of this peculiar fluid still represents a challenge due to the lack of constitutive laws able to describe the rich phenomenology observed. In this paper we first review the properties of dry granular f...

The epigrammatic quote by a French Nobel laureate is familiar to many in the field of granular mechanics and reflects a long-standing scientific fascination and practical interest. This is acknowledged by many others and summarized in the articles listed under Further Reading. As a general definition, we understand by granular medium a particle assembly dominated by pairwise nearest-neighbor in...

This paper proposes an adaptive queue management scheme (adaptive RED) to improve Random Early Detection (RED) on restraining non-responsive flows. Due to a lack of flow control mechanism, non-responsive flows can starve responsive flows for buffer and bandwidth at the gateway. In order to solve the disproportionate resource problem, RED framework is modified in this way: on detecting when the ...

The shrew or RoS attacks are low-rate DDoS attacks that degrade the QoS to end systems slowly but not to deny the services completely. These attacks are more difficult to detect than the flooding type of DDoS attacks. In this paper, we explore the energy distributions of Internet traffic flows in frequency domain. Normal TCP traffic flows present some form of periodicity because of TCP protocol...